snmpcmd(1)
NAME
snmpcmd - options and behaviour common to most of the Net-SNMP command- line tools
SYNOPSIS
snmpcmd [OPTIONS] AGENT [PARAMETERS]
DESCRIPTION
This manual page describes the common options for the SNMP commands: snmpbulkget, snmpbulkwalk, snmpdelta, snmpget, snmpgetnext, snmpnetstat, snmpset, snmpstatus, snmptable, snmptest, snmptrap, snmpdf, snmpusm , snmpwalk . The command line applications use the SNMP protocol to communicate with an SNMP capable network entity, an agent. Individual applications typically (but not necessarily) take additional parameters that are given after the agent specification. These parameters are documented in the manual pages for each application.
COMMAND-LINE CONFIG OPTIONS
In addition to the options described in this manual page, all of the tokens described in the snmp.conf and other .conf manual pages can be used on the command line of Net-SNMP applications as well by prefixing them with "--". EG, specifying --dontLoadHostConfig=true on the command line will turn of loading of the host specific configuration files. The snmp.conf file settings and the double-dash arguments over-ride the single-dash arguments. So it's important to note that if single-dash arguments aren't working because you have settings in the snmp.conf file that conflict with them then you'll need to use the longer-form double-dash arguments to successfully trump the snmp.conf file settings.
Generic Options
These options control how the Net-SNMP commands behave regardless of
what version of SNMP you are using. See further below for options that
control specific versions or sub-modules of the SNMP protocol.
-d Dump (in hexadecimal) the raw SNMP packets sent and received.
-D[TOKEN[,...]]
Turn on debugging output for the given TOKEN(s). Try ALL for
extremely verbose output.
-h, --help
Display a brief usage message and then exit.
-H Display a list of configuration file directives
understood by the command and then exit.
-I [brRhu]
Specifies input parsing options. See INPUT OPTIONS below.
-L [eEfFoOsS]
Specifies output logging options. See LOGGING OPTIONS
below.
-m MIBLIST
Specifies a colon separated list of MIB modules (not
files) to load for this application. This overrides (or
augments) the environment variable MIBS, the snmp.conf
directive mibs, and the list of MIBs hardcoded into the
Net-SNMP library.
If MIBLIST has a leading '-' or '+' character, then the
MIB modules listed are loaded in addition to the default
list, coming before or after this list respectively.
Otherwise, the specified MIBs are loaded instead of this
default list.
The special keyword ALL is used to load all MIB modules
in the MIB directory search list. Every file whose name
does not begin with "." will be parsed as if it were a
MIB file.
-M DIRLIST
Specifies a colon separated list of directories to search
for MIBs. This overrides (or augments) the environment
variable MIBDIRS, the snmp.conf directive mibdirs, and
the default directory hardcoded into the Net-SNMP library
(/usr/share/snmp/mibs).
If DIRLIST has a leading '-' or '+' character, then the
given directories are added to the default list, being
searched before or after the directories on this list
respectively. Otherwise, the specified directories are
searched instead of this default list.
Note that the directories appearing later in the list
have have precedence over earlier ones. To avoid
searching any MIB directories, set the MIBDIRS
environment variable to the empty string ("").
Note that MIBs specified using the -m option or the mibs
configuration directive will be loaded from one of the
directories listed by the -M option (or equivalents).
The mibfile directive takes a full path to the specified
MIB file, so this does not need to be in the MIB
directory search list.
-v 1 | 2c | 3
Specifies the protocol version to use: 1 (RFCs
1155-1157), 2c (RFCs 1901-1908), or 3 (RFCs 2571-2574).
The default is typically version 3. Overrides the
defVersion token in the snmp.conf file. -O
[abeEfnqQsStTuUvxX] Specifies output printing options.
See OUTPUT OPTIONS below.
-P [cdeRuwW]
Specifies MIB parsing options. See MIB PARSING OPTIONS
below.
-r retries
Specifies the number of retries to be used in the
requests. The default is 5.
-t timeout
Specifies the timeout in seconds between retries. The
default is 1. Floating point numbers can be used to
specify fractions of seconds.
-V, --version
Display version information for the application and then
exit.
-Yname="value"
--name="value"
Allows one to specify any token ("name") supported in the
snmp.conf file and sets its value to "value". Overrides
the corresponding token in the snmp.conf file. See
snmp.conf(5) for the full list of tokens.
SNMPv3 Options
The following options are generic to all forms of SNMPv3,
regardless of whether it's the original SNMPv3 with USM or the
newer SNMPv3 over (D)TLS support.
-l secLevel
Set the securityLevel used for SNMPv3 messages
(noAuthNoPriv|authNoPriv|authPriv). Appropriate pass
phrase(s) must provided when using any level higher than
noAuthNoPriv. Overrides the defSecurityLevel token in
the snmp.conf file.
-n contextName
Set the contextName used for SNMPv3 messages. The
default contextName is the empty string "". Overrides
the defContext token in the snmp.conf file.
SNMPv3 over TLS Options
These options pass transport-specific parameters to the TLS
layer. If you're using SNMP over TLS or DTLS you'll need to
pass a combination of these either through these command line
options or through snmp.conf configuration tokens.
A note about <certificate-specifier>s : Net-SNMP looks for X.509
certificates in each of the normal SNMP configuration directory
search paths under a "tls" subdirectory. IE, it will look in
~/.snmp/tls and in /usr/local/share/snmp/tls for certificates.
The certificate components (eg, the public and private halves)
are stored in sub-directories underneath this root set of
directories. See the net-snmp-cert tool for help in importing,
creating and managing Net-SNMP certificates. <certificate-
specifier>s can reference either a fingerprint of the
certificate to use (the net-snmp-cert tool can help you figure
out the certificates) or the filename's prefix can be used. For
example, if you had a "snmpd.crt" certificate file then you
could simply refer to the certificate via the "snmpd" specifier.
-T localCert=<certificate-specifier>
Indicates to the transport which key should be used to
initiate (D)TLS client connections. This would typically
be a certificate found using the certificate fingerprint,
the application name (eg snmpd, snmptrapd, perl, python)
or genericized name "snmpapp" if using one of the generic
applications (snmpget, snmpwalk, etc). This can also be
set using the localCert specifier in a snmp.conf
configuration file.
-T peerCert=<certificate-specifier>
If you expect a particular certificate to be presented by
the other side then you can use this specifier to
indicate the certificate it should present. If it fails
to present the expected certificate the client will
refuse to open the connection (because doing otherwise
could lead to man-in-the-middle attacks). This can also
be set using the peerCert specifier in a snmp.conf
configuration file.
-T trust_cert=<certificate-specifier>
If you have a trusted CA certificate you wish to anchor
trust with, you can use this flag to load a given
certificate as a trust anchor. A copy of the certificate
must exist within the Net-SNMP certificate storage system
or this must point to a complete path name. Also see the
"trustCert" snmp.conf configuration token.
-T their_hostname=<name>
If the server's presented certificate can be validating
using a trust anchor then their hostname will be checked
to ensure their presented hostname matches one that is
expected (you don't want to connect to
goodhost.example.com and accept a certificate presented
by badhost.example.com do you?). This token can specify
the exact host name expected to be presented by the
remote side, either in a subjectAltName field or in the
CommonName field of the server's X.509 certificate.
SNMPv3 with USM Options
These options are specific to using SNMPv3 with the original
User-based Security Model (USM).
-3[MmKk] 0xHEXKEY
Sets the keys to be used for SNMPv3 transactions. These
options allow you to set the master authentication and
encryption keys (-3m and -3M respectively) or set the
localized authentication and encryption keys (-3k and -3K
respectively). SNMPv3 keys can be either passed in by
hand using these flags, or by the use of keys generated
from passwords using the -A and -X flags discussed below.
For further details on SNMPv3 and its usage of keying
information, see the Net-SNMP tutorial web site (
http://www.Net-SNMP.org/tutorial-5/commands/ ).
Overrides the defAuthMasterKey (-3m), defPrivMasterKey
(-3M), defAuthLocalizedKey (-3k) or defPrivLocalizedKey
(-3K) tokens, respectively, in the snmp.conf file, see
snmp.conf(5).
-a authProtocol
Set the authentication protocol (MD5 or SHA) used for
authenticated SNMPv3 messages. Overrides the defAuthType
token in the snmp.conf file.
-A authPassword
Set the authentication pass phrase used for authenticated
SNMPv3 messages. Overrides the defAuthPassphrase token
in the snmp.conf file. It is insecure to specify pass
phrases on the command line, see snmp.conf(5).
-e engineID
Set the authoritative (security) engineID used for SNMPv3
REQUEST messages, given as a hexadecimal string
(optionally prefixed by "0x"). It is typically not
necessary to specify this engine ID, as it will usually
be discovered automatically.
-E engineID
Set the context engineID used for SNMPv3 REQUEST messages
scopedPdu, given as a hexadecimal string. If not
specified, this will default to the authoritative
engineID.
-u secName
Set the securityName used for authenticated SNMPv3
messages. Overrides the defSecurityName token in the
snmp.conf file.
-x privProtocol
Set the privacy protocol (DES or AES) used for encrypted
SNMPv3 messages. Overrides the defPrivType token in the
snmp.conf file. This option is only valid if the Net-SNMP
software was build to use OpenSSL.
-X privPassword
Set the privacy pass phrase used for encrypted SNMPv3
messages. Overrides the defPrivPassphrase token in the
snmp.conf file. It is insecure to specify pass phrases
on the command line, see snmp.conf(5).
-Z boots,time
Set the engineBoots and engineTime used for authenticated
SNMPv3 messages. This will initialize the local notion
of the agents boots/time with an authenticated value
stored in the LCD. It is typically not necessary to
specify this option, as these values will usually be
discovered automatically.
SNMPv1 and SNMPv2c Options
-c community
Set the community string for SNMPv1/v2c transactions.
Overrides the defCommunity token in the snmp.conf file.
AGENT SPECIFICATION
The string AGENT in the SYNOPSIS above specifies the remote SNMP
entity with which to communicate. This specification takes the
form:
[<transport-specifier>:]<transport-address>
At its simplest, the AGENT specification may consist of a
hostname, or an IPv4 address in the standard "dotted quad"
notation. In this case, communication will be attempted using
UDP/IPv4 to port 161 of the given host. Otherwise, the
<transport-address> part of the specification is parsed
according to the following table:
<transport-specifier> <transport-address> format
udp hostname[:port] or
IPv4-address[:port]
tcp hostname[:port] or
IPv4-address[:port]
unix pathname
ipx [network]:node[/port]
aal5pvc or pvc [interface.][VPI.]VCI
udp6 or udpv6 or udpipv6 hostname[:port] or
IPv6-address:port or
'['IPv6-address']'[:port]
tcp6 or tcpv6 or tcpipv6 hostname[:port] or
IPv6-address:port or
'['IPv6-address']'[:port]
Note that <transport-specifier> strings are case-insensitive so
that, for example, "tcp" and "TCP" are equivalent. Here are
some examples, along with their interpretation:
hostname:161 perform query using UDP/IPv4 datagrams
to hostname on port 161. The ":161" is
redundant here since that is the default
SNMP port in any case.
udp:hostname identical to the previous specification.
The "udp:" is redundant here since
UDP/IPv4 is the default transport.
TCP:hostname:1161 connect to hostname on port 1161 using
TCP/IPv4 and perform query over that
connection. udp6:hostname:10161 perform
the query using UDP/IPv6 datagrams to
port 10161 on hostname (which will be
looked up as an AAAA record).
UDP6:[fe80::2d0:b7ff:fe21:c6c0]
perform the query using UDP/IPv6
datagrams to port 161 at address
fe80::2d0:b7ff:fe21:c6c0.
tcpipv6:[::1]:1611 connect to port 1611 on the local host
(::1 in IPv6 parlance) using TCP/IPv6
and perform query over that connection.
tls:hostname:10161
dtls:hostname:10161 Connects using SNMP over DTLS or TLS as
documented by the ISMS working group
(RFCs not yet published as of this
date). This will require (and
automatically ensures) that the TSM
security model is in use. You'll also
need to set up trust paths for the
certificates presented by the server
(see above for descriptions of this).
ssh:hostname:22 Connects using SNMP over SSH as
documented by the ISMS working group
(RFCs not yet published as of this
date). This will require that the TSM
security model is in use
(--defSecurityModel=tsm).
ipx::00D0B7AAE308 perform query using IPX datagrams to
node number 00D0B7AAE308 on the default
network, and using the default IPX port
of 36879 (900F hexadecimal), as
suggested in RFC 1906.
ipx:0AE43409:00D0B721C6C0/1161
perform query using IPX datagrams to
port 1161 on node number 00D0B721C6C0 on
network number 0AE43409.
unix:/tmp/local-agent connect to the Unix domain socket
/tmp/local-agent, and perform the query
over that connection.
/tmp/local-agent identical to the previous specification,
since the Unix domain is the default
transport iff the first character of the
<transport-address> is a '/'.
alias:myname perform a connection to the myname alias
which needs to be defined in the
snmp.conf file using a line like " alias
myname udp:127.0.0.1:9161 ". Any type
of transport definition can be used as
the alias expansion parameter. Aliases
are particularly useful for using
repeated complex transport strings.
AAL5PVC:100 perform the query using AAL5 PDUs sent
on the permanent virtual circuit with
VPI=0 and VCI=100 (decimal) on the first
ATM adapter in the machine.
PVC:1.10.32 perform the query using AAL5 PDUs sent
on the permanent virtual circuit with
VPI=10 (decimal) and VCI=32 (decimal) on
the second ATM adapter in the machine.
Note that "PVC" is a synonym for
"AAL5PVC".
Note that not all the transport domains listed above will always
be available; for instance, hosts with no IPv6 support will not
be able to use udp6 transport addresses, and attempts to do so
will result in the error "Unknown host". Likewise, since AAL5
PVC support is only currently available on Linux, it will fail
with the same error on other platforms.
MIB PARSING OPTIONS
The Net-SNMP MIB parser mostly adheres to the Structure of
Management Information (SMI). As that specification has changed
through time, and in recognition of the (ahem) diversity in
compliance expressed in MIB files, additional options provide
more flexibility in reading MIB files.
-Pc Toggles whether ASN.1 comments should extend to the end
of the MIB source line. Strictly speaking, a second
appearance of "--" should terminate the comment, but this
breaks some MIB files. The default behaviour (to
interpret comments correctly) can also be set with the
configuration token commentToEOL.
-Pd Disables the loading of MIB object DESCRIPTIONs when
parsing MIB files. This reduces the amount of memory
used by the running application.
-Pe Toggles whether to show errors encountered when parsing
MIB files. These include references to IMPORTed modules
and MIB objects that cannot be located in the MIB
directory search list. The default behaviour can also be
set with the configuration token showMibErrors.
-PR If the same MIB object (parent name and sub-identifier)
appears multiple times in the list of MIB definitions
loaded, use the last version to be read in. By default,
the first version will be used, and any duplicates
discarded. This behaviour can also be set with the
configuration token mibReplaceWithLatest.
Such ordering is normally only relevant if there are two
MIB files with conflicting object definitions for the
same OID (or different revisions of the same basic MIB
object).
-Pu Toggles whether to allow the underline character in MIB
object names and other symbols. Strictly speaking, this
is not valid SMI syntax, but some vendor MIB files define
such names. The default behaviour can also be set with
the configuration token mibAllowUnderline.
-Pw Show various warning messages in parsing MIB files and
building the overall OID tree. This can also be set with
the configuration directive mibWarningLevel 1
-PW Show some additional warning messages, mostly relating to
parsing individual MIB objects. This can also be set
with the configuration directive mibWarningLevel 2
OUTPUT OPTIONS
The format of the output from SNMP commands can be controlled
using various parameters of the -O flag. The effects of these
sub-options can be seen by comparison with the following default
output (unless otherwise specified):
$ snmpget -c public -v 1 localhost sysUpTime.0
SNMPv2-MIB::sysUpTime.0 = Timeticks: (14096763) 1 day, 15:09:27.63
-Oa Display string values as ASCII strings (unless there is a
DISPLAY-HINT defined for the corresponding MIB object).
By default, the library attempts to determine whether the
value is a printable or binary string, and displays it
accordingly.
This option does not affect objects that do have a
Display Hint.
-Ob Display table indexes numerically, rather than trying to
interpret the instance subidentifiers as string or OID
values:
$ snmpgetnext -c public -v 1 localhost vacmSecurityModel
SNMP-VIEW-BASED-ACM-MIB::vacmSecurityModel.0."wes" = xxx
$ snmpgetnext -c public -v 1 -Ob localhost vacmSecurityModel
SNMP-VIEW-BASED-ACM-MIB::vacmSecurityModel.0.3.119.101.115 = xxx
-Oe Removes the symbolic labels from enumeration values:
$ snmpget -c public -v 1 localhost ipForwarding.0
IP-MIB::ipForwarding.0 = INTEGER: forwarding(1)
$ snmpget -c public -v 1 -Oe localhost ipForwarding.0
IP-MIB::ipForwarding.0 = INTEGER: 1
-OE Modifies index strings to escape the quote characters:
$ snmpgetnext -c public -v 1 localhost vacmSecurityModel
SNMP-VIEW-BASED-ACM-MIB::vacmSecurityModel.0."wes" = xxx
$ snmpgetnext -c public -v 1 -OE localhost vacmSecurityModel
SNMP-VIEW-BASED-ACM-MIB::vacmSecurityModel.0.\"wes\" = xxx
This allows the output to be reused in shell commands.
-Of Include the full list of MIB objects when displaying an
OID:
.iso.org.dod.internet.mgmt.mib-2.system.sysUpTime.0 =
Timeticks: (14096763) 1 day, 15:09:27.63
-On Displays the OID numerically:
.1.3.6.1.2.1.1.3.0 = Timeticks: (14096763) 1 day,
15:09:27.63
-Oq Removes the equal sign and type information when
displaying varbind values:
SNMPv2-MIB::sysUpTime.0 1:15:09:27.63
-OQ Removes the type information when displaying varbind
values:
SNMPv2-MIB::sysUpTime.0 = 1:15:09:27.63
-Os Display the MIB object name (plus any instance or other
subidentifiers):
sysUpTime.0 = Timeticks: (14096763) 1 day,
15:09:27.63
-OS Display the name of the MIB, as well as the object name:
SNMPv2-MIB::sysUpTime.0 = Timeticks: (14096763) 1
day, 15:09:27.63
This is the default OID output format.
-Ot Display TimeTicks values as raw numbers:
SNMPv2-MIB::sysUpTime.0 = 14096763
-OT If values are printed as Hex strings, display a printable
version as well.
-Ou Display the OID in the traditional UCD-style (inherited
from the original CMU code). That means removing a
series of "standard" prefixes from the OID, and
displaying the remaining list of MIB object names (plus
any other subidentifiers):
system.sysUpTime.0 = Timeticks: (14096763) 1 day,
15:09:27.63
-OU Do not print the UNITS suffix at the end of the value.
-Ov Display the varbind value only, not the OID:
$ snmpget -c public -v 1 -Ov localhost ipForwarding.0
INTEGER: forwarding(1)
-Ox Display string values as Hex strings (unless there is a
DISPLAY-HINT defined for the corresponding MIB object).
By default, the library attempts to determine whether the
value is a printable or binary string, and displays it
accordingly.
This option does not affect objects that do have a
Display Hint.
-OX Display table indexes in a more "program like" output,
imitating a traditional array-style index format:
$ snmpgetnext -c public -v 1 localhost ipv6RouteTable
IPv6-MIB::ipv6RouteIfIndex.63.254.1.0.255.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.64.1 = INTEGER: 2
$ snmpgetnext -c public -v 1 -OX localhost ipv6RouteTable
IPv6-MIB::ipv6RouteIfIndex[3ffe:100:ff00:0:0:0:0:0][64][1] = INTEGER: 2
Most of these options can also be configured via configuration
tokens. See the snmp.conf(5) manual page for details.
LOGGING OPTIONS
The mechanism and destination to use for logging of warning and
error messages can be controlled by passing various parameters
to the -L flag.
-Le Log messages to the standard error stream.
-Lf FILE
Log messages to the specified file.
-Lo Log messages to the standard output stream.
-Ls FACILITY
Log messages via syslog, using the specified facility
('d' for LOG_DAEMON, 'u' for LOG_USER, or '0'-'7' for
LOG_LOCAL0 through LOG_LOCAL7).
There are also "upper case" versions of each of these options,
which allow the corresponding logging mechanism to be restricted
to certain priorities of message. Using standard error logging
as an example:
-LE pri
will log messages of priority 'pri' and above to standard
error.
-LE p1-p2
will log messages with priority between 'p1' and 'p2'
(inclusive) to standard error.
For -LF and -LS the priority specification comes before the file
or facility token. The priorities recognised are:
0 or ! for LOG_EMERG,
1 or a for LOG_ALERT,
2 or c for LOG_CRIT,
3 or e for LOG_ERR,
4 or w for LOG_WARNING,
5 or n for LOG_NOTICE,
6 or i for LOG_INFO, and
7 or d for LOG_DEBUG.
Normal output is (or will be!) logged at a priority level of
LOG_NOTICE
INPUT OPTIONS
The interpretation of input object names and the values to be
assigned can be controlled using various parameters of the -I
flag. The default behaviour will be described at the end of
this section.
-Ib specifies that the given name should be regarded as a
regular expression, to match (case-insensitively) against
object names in the MIB tree. The "best" match will be
used - calculated as the one that matches the closest to
the beginning of the node name and the highest in the
tree. For example, the MIB object vacmSecurityModel
could be matched by the expression vacmsecuritymodel
(full name, but different case), or vacm.*model (regexp
pattern).
Note that '.' is a special character in regular
expression patterns, so the expression cannot specify
instance subidentifiers or more than one object name. A
"best match" expression will only be applied against
single MIB object names. For example, the expression
sys*ontact.0 would not match the instance sysContact.0
(although sys*ontact would match sysContact). Similarly,
specifying a MIB module name will not succeed (so
SNMPv2-MIB::sys.*ontact would not match either).
-Ih disables the use of DISPLAY-HINT information when
assigning values. This would then require providing the
raw value:
snmpset ... HOST-RESOURCES-MIB::hrSystemDate.0
x "07 D2 0C 0A 02 04 06 08"
instead of a formatted version:
snmpset ... HOST-RESOURCES-MIB::hrSystemDate.0
= 2002-12-10,2:4:6.8
-Ir disables checking table indexes and the value to be
assigned against the relevant MIB definitions. This will
(hopefully) result in the remote agent reporting an
invalid request, rather than checking (and rejecting)
this before it is sent to the remote agent.
Local checks are more efficient (and the diagnostics
provided also tend to be more precise), but disabling
this behaviour is particularly useful when testing the
remote agent.
-IR enables "random access" lookup of MIB names. Rather than
providing a full OID path to the desired MIB object (or
qualifying this object with an explicit MIB module name),
the MIB tree will be searched for the matching object
name. Thus .iso.org.dod.internet.mib-2.system.sysDescr.0
(or SNMPv2-MIB::sysDescr.0) can be specified simply as
sysDescr.0.
Warning:
Since MIB object names are not globally unique,
this approach may return a different MIB object
depending on which MIB files have been loaded.
The MIB-MODULE::objectName syntax has the advantage of
uniquely identifying a particular MIB object, as well as
being slightly more efficient (and automatically loading
the necessary MIB file if necessary).
-Is SUFFIX
adds the specified suffix to each textual OID given on
the command line. This can be used to retrieve multiple
objects from the same row of a table, by specifying a
common index value.
-IS PREFIX
adds the specified prefix to each textual OID given on
the command line. This can be used to specify an
explicit MIB module name for all objects being retrieved
(or for incurably lazy typists).
-Iu enables the traditional UCD-style approach to
interpreting input OIDs. This assumes that OIDs are
rooted at the 'mib-2' point in the tree (unless they
start with an explicit '.' or include a MIB module name).
So the sysDescr instance above would be referenced as
system.sysDescr.0.
Object names specified with a leading '.' are always interpreted
as "fully qualified" OIDs, listing the sequence of MIB objects
from the root of the MIB tree. Such objects and those qualified
by an explicit MIB module name are unaffected by the -Ib, -IR
and -Iu flags.
Otherwise, if none of the above input options are specified, the
default behaviour for a "relative" OID is to try and interpret
it as an (implicitly) fully qualified OID, then apply "random
access" lookup (-IR), followed by "best match" pattern matching
(-Ib).
ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
PREFIX The standard prefix for object identifiers (when using
UCD-style output). Defaults to
.iso.org.dod.internet.mgmt.mib-2
MIBS The list of MIBs to load. Defaults to SNMPv2-TC
SNMPv2-MIB:IF-MIB:IP-MIBTCP-MIBUDP-MIBSNMP-VACM-MIB.
Overridden by the -m option.
MIBDIRS
The list of directories to search for MIBs. Defaults to
/usr/share/snmp/mibs. Overridden by the -M option.
FILES
/etc/snmp/snmpd.conf
Agent configuration file. See snmpd.conf(5).
/etc/snmp/snmp.conf
~/.snmp/snmp.conf
Application configuration files. See snmp.conf(5).
SEE ALSO
snmpget(1), snmpgetnext(1), snmpset(1), snmpbulkget(1), snmpbulkwalk(1), snmpwalk(1), snmptable(1), snmpnetstat(1), snmpdelta(1), snmptrap(1), snmpinform(1), snmpusm(1), snmpstatus(1), snmptest(1), snmp.conf(5).
Opportunity
Personal Opportunity - Free software gives you access to billions of dollars of software at no cost. Use this software for your business, personal use or to develop a profitable skill. Access to source code provides access to a level of capabilities/information that companies protect though copyrights. Open source is a core component of the Internet and it is available to you. Leverage the billions of dollars in resources and capabilities to build a career, establish a business or change the world. The potential is endless for those who understand the opportunity.
Business Opportunity - Goldman Sachs, IBM and countless large corporations are leveraging open source to reduce costs, develop products and increase their bottom lines. Learn what these companies know about open source and how open source can give you the advantage.
Free Software
Free Software provides computer programs and capabilities at no cost but more importantly, it provides the freedom to run, edit, contribute to, and share the software. The importance of free software is a matter of access, not price. Software at no cost is a benefit but ownership rights to the software and source code is far more significant.
Free Office Software - The Libre Office suite provides top desktop productivity tools for free. This includes, a word processor, spreadsheet, presentation engine, drawing and flowcharting, database and math applications. Libre Office is available for Linux or Windows.
Free Books
The Free Books Library is a collection of thousands of the most popular public domain books in an online readable format. The collection includes great classical literature and more recent works where the U.S. copyright has expired. These books are yours to read and use without restrictions.
Source Code - Want to change a program or know how it works? Open Source provides the source code for its programs so that anyone can use, modify or learn how to write those programs themselves. Visit the GNU source code repositories to download the source.
Education
Study at Harvard, Stanford or MIT - Open edX provides free online courses from Harvard, MIT, Columbia, UC Berkeley and other top Universities. Hundreds of courses for almost all major subjects and course levels. Open edx also offers some paid courses and selected certifications.
Linux Manual Pages - A man or manual page is a form of software documentation found on Linux/Unix operating systems. Topics covered include computer programs (including library and system calls), formal standards and conventions, and even abstract concepts.
