pdftk(1)
NAME
pdftk - A handy tool for manipulating PDF
SYNOPSIS
pdftk <input PDF files | - | PROMPT>
[ input_pw <input PDF owner passwords | PROMPT> ]
[ <operation> <operation arguments> ]
[ output <output filename | - | PROMPT> ]
[ encrypt_40bit | encrypt_128bit ]
[ allow <permissions> ]
[ owner_pw <owner password | PROMPT> ]
[ user_pw <user password | PROMPT> ]
[ flatten ] [ need_appearances ]
[ compress | uncompress ]
[ keep_first_id | keep_final_id ] [ drop_xfa ] [ drop_xmp ]
[ verbose ] [ dont_ask | do_ask ]
Where:
<operation> may be empty, or:
[ cat | shuffle | burst | rotate |
generate_fdf | fill_form |
background | multibackground |
stamp | multistamp |
dump_data | dump_data_utf8 |
dump_data_fields | dump_data_fields_utf8 |
dump_data_annots |
update_info | update_info_utf8 |
attach_files | unpack_files ]
For Complete Help: pdftk --help
DESCRIPTION
If PDF is electronic paper, then pdftk is an electronic staple-remover, hole-punch, binder, secret-decoder-ring, and X-Ray-glasses. Pdftk is a simple tool for doing everyday things with PDF documents. Use it to: * Merge PDF Documents or Collate PDF Page Scans * Split PDF Pages into a New Document * Rotate PDF Documents or Pages * Decrypt Input as Necessary (Password Required) * Encrypt Output as Desired * Fill PDF Forms with X/FDF Data and/or Flatten Forms * Generate FDF Data Stencils from PDF Forms * Apply a Background Watermark or a Foreground Stamp * Report PDF Metrics, Bookmarks and Metadata * Add/Update PDF Bookmarks or Metadata * Attach Files to PDF Pages or the PDF Document * Unpack PDF Attachments * Burst a PDF Document into Single Pages * Uncompress and Re-Compress Page Streams * Repair Corrupted PDF (Where Possible)
OPTIONS
A summary of options is included below.
--help, -h
Show this summary of options.
<input PDF files | - | PROMPT>
A list of the input PDF files. If you plan to combine these PDFs
(without using handles) then list files in the order you want
them combined. Use - to pass a single PDF into pdftk via stdin.
Input files can be associated with handles, where a handle is
one or more upper-case letters:
<input PDF handle>=<input PDF filename>
Handles are often omitted. They are useful when specifying PDF
passwords or page ranges, later.
For example: A=input1.pdf QT=input2.pdf M=input3.pdf
[input_pw <input PDF owner passwords | PROMPT>]
Input PDF owner passwords, if necessary, are associated with
files by using their handles:
<input PDF handle>=<input PDF file owner password>
If handles are not given, then passwords are associated with
input files by order.
Most pdftk features require that encrypted input PDF are
accompanied by the ~owner~ password. If the input PDF has no
owner password, then the user password must be given, instead.
If the input PDF has no passwords, then no password should be
given.
When running in do_ask mode, pdftk will prompt you for a
password if the supplied password is incorrect or none was
given.
[<operation> <operation arguments>]
Available operations are: cat, shuffle, burst, rotate,
generate_fdf, fill_form, background, multibackground, stamp,
multistamp, dump_data, dump_data_utf8, dump_data_fields,
dump_data_fields_utf8, dump_data_annots, update_info,
update_info_utf8, attach_files, unpack_files. Some operations
takes additional arguments, described below.
If this optional argument is omitted, then pdftk runs in
'filter' mode. Filter mode takes only one PDF input and creates
a new PDF after applying all of the output options, like
encryption and compression.
cat [<page ranges>]
Assembles (catenates) pages from input PDFs to create a new
PDF. Use cat to merge PDF pages or to split PDF pages from
documents. You can also use it to rotate PDF pages. Page
order in the new PDF is specified by the order of the given
page ranges. Page ranges are described like this:
<input PDF handle>[<begin page number>[-<end page
number>[<qualifier>]]][<page rotation>]
Where the handle identifies one of the input PDF files, and
the beginning and ending page numbers are one-based
references to pages in the PDF file. The qualifier can be
even or odd, and the page rotation can be north, south, east,
west, left, right, or down.
If a PDF handle is given but no pages are specified, then the
entire PDF is used. If no pages are specified for any of the
input PDFs, then the input PDFs' bookmarks are also merged
and included in the output.
If the handle is omitted from the page range, then the pages
are taken from the first input PDF.
The even qualifier causes pdftk to use only the even-numbered
PDF pages, so 1-6even yields pages 2, 4 and 6 in that order.
6-1even yields pages 6, 4 and 2 in that order.
The odd qualifier works similarly to the even.
From a valid page range, another pages can be subtracted
using ~.
The page rotation setting can cause pdftk to rotate pages and
documents. Each option sets the page rotation as follows (in
degrees): north: 0, east: 90, south: 180, west: 270, left:
-90, right: +90, down: +180. left, right, and down make
relative adjustments to a page's rotation.
If no arguments are passed to cat, then pdftk combines all
input PDFs in the order they were given to create the output.
NOTES:
* <end page number> may be less than <begin page number>.
* The keyword end may be used to reference the final page of
a document instead of a page number.
* Reference a single page by omitting the ending page number.
* The handle may be used alone to represent the entire PDF
document, e.g., B1-end is the same as B.
* You can reference page numbers in reverse order by
prefixing them with the letter r. For example, page r1 is the
last page of the document, r2 is the next-to-last page of the
document, and rend is the first page of the document. You can
use this prefix in ranges, too, for example r3-r1 is the last
three pages of a PDF.
Page Range Examples without Handles:
1-endeast - rotate entire document 90 degrees
5 11 20 - take single pages from input PDF
5-25oddwest - take odd pages in range, rotate 90 degrees
6-1 - reverse pages in range from input PDF
1-20~5-6 - equal to 1-4 7-20 or 1-20~5~6
~5 - all pages except page 5. Depending on your shell, you
need to quote this because of the ~ at the beginning.
Page Range Examples Using Handles:
Say A=in1.pdf B=in2.pdf, then:
A1-21 - take range from in1.pdf
Bend-1odd - take all odd pages from in2.pdf in reverse order
A72 - take a single page from in1.pdf
A1-21 Beven A72 - assemble pages from both in1.pdf and
in2.pdf
Awest - rotate entire in1.pdf document 90 degrees
B - use all of in2.pdf
A2-30evenleft - take the even pages from the range, remove 90
degrees from each page's rotation
A A - catenate in1.pdf with in1.pdf
Aevenwest Aoddeast - apply rotations to even pages, odd pages
from in1.pdf
Awest Bwest Bdown - catenate rotated documents
shuffle [<page ranges>]
Collates pages from input PDFs to create a new PDF. Works
like the cat operation except that it takes one page at a
time from each page range to assemble the output PDF. If one
range runs out of pages, it continues with the remaining
ranges. Ranges can use all of the features described above
for cat, like reverse page ranges, multiple ranges from a
single PDF, and page rotation. This feature was designed to
help collate PDF pages after scanning paper documents.
burst Splits a single input PDF document into individual pages.
Also creates a report named doc_data.txt which is the same as
the output from dump_data. If the output section is omitted,
then PDF pages are named: pg_%04d.pdf, e.g.: pg_0001.pdf,
pg_0002.pdf, etc. To name these pages yourself, supply a
printf-styled format string via the output section. For
example, if you want pages named: page_01.pdf, page_02.pdf,
etc., pass output page_%02d.pdf to pdftk. Encryption can be
applied to the output by appending output options such as
owner_pw, e.g.:
pdftk in.pdf burst owner_pw foopass
rotate [<page ranges>]
Takes a single input PDF and rotates just the specified
pages. All other pages remain unchanged. The page order
remains unchaged. Specify the pages to rotate using the same
notation as you would with cat, except you omit the pages
that you aren't rotating:
[<begin page number>[-<end page number>[<qualifier>]]][<page
rotation>]
The qualifier can be even or odd, and the page rotation can
be north, south, east, west, left, right, or down.
Each option sets the page rotation as follows (in degrees):
north: 0, east: 90, south: 180, west: 270, left: -90, right:
+90, down: +180. left, right, and down make relative
adjustments to a page's rotation.
The given order of the pages doesn't change the page order in
the output.
generate_fdf
Reads a single input PDF file and generates an FDF file
suitable for fill_form out of it to the given output filename
or (if no output is given) to stdout. Does not create a new
PDF.
fill_form <FDF data filename | XFDF data filename | - | PROMPT>
Fills the single input PDF's form fields with the data from
an FDF file, XFDF file or stdin. Enter the data filename
after fill_form, or use - to pass the data via stdin, like
so:
pdftk form.pdf fill_form data.fdf output form.filled.pdf
If the input FDF file includes Rich Text formatted data in
addition to plain text, then the Rich Text data is packed
into the form fields as well as the plain text. Pdftk also
sets a flag that cues Reader/Acrobat to generate new field
appearances based on the Rich Text data. So when the user
opens the PDF, the viewer will create the Rich Text
appearance on the spot. If the user's PDF viewer does not
support Rich Text, then the user will see the plain text data
instead. If you flatten this form before Acrobat has a
chance to create (and save) new field appearances, then the
plain text field data is what you'll see.
Also see the flatten and need_appearances options.
background <background PDF filename | - | PROMPT>
Applies a PDF watermark to the background of a single input
PDF. Pass the background PDF's filename after background
like so:
pdftk in.pdf background back.pdf output out.pdf
Pdftk uses only the first page from the background PDF and
applies it to every page of the input PDF. This page is
scaled and rotated as needed to fit the input page. You can
use - to pass a background PDF into pdftk via stdin.
If the input PDF does not have a transparent background (such
as a PDF created from page scans) then the resulting
background won't be visible - use the stamp operation
instead.
multibackground <background PDF filename | - | PROMPT>
Same as the background operation, but applies each page of
the background PDF to the corresponding page of the input
PDF. If the input PDF has more pages than the stamp PDF,
then the final stamp page is repeated across these remaining
pages in the input PDF.
stamp <stamp PDF filename | - | PROMPT>
This behaves just like the background operation except it
overlays the stamp PDF page on top of the input PDF
document's pages. This works best if the stamp PDF page has
a transparent background.
multistamp <stamp PDF filename | - | PROMPT>
Same as the stamp operation, but applies each page of the
background PDF to the corresponding page of the input PDF.
If the input PDF has more pages than the stamp PDF, then the
final stamp page is repeated across these remaining pages in
the input PDF.
dump_data
Reads a single input PDF file and reports its metadata,
bookmarks (a/k/a outlines), page metrics (media, rotation and
labels), data embedded by STAMPtk (see STAMPtk's embed
option) and other data to the given output filename or (if no
output is given) to stdout. Non-ASCII characters are encoded
as XML numerical entities. Does not create a new PDF.
dump_data_utf8
Same as dump_data excepct that the output is encoded as
UTF-8.
dump_data_fields
Reads a single input PDF file and reports form field
statistics to the given output filename or (if no output is
given) to stdout. Non-ASCII characters are encoded as XML
numerical entities. Does not create a new PDF.
dump_data_fields_utf8
Same as dump_data_fields excepct that the output is encoded
as UTF-8.
dump_data_annots
This operation currently reports only link annotations.
Reads a single input PDF file and reports annotation
information to the given output filename or (if no output is
given) to stdout. Non-ASCII characters are encoded as XML
numerical entities. Does not create a new PDF.
update_info <info data filename | - | PROMPT>
Changes the bookmarks and metadata in a single PDF's Info
dictionary to match the input data file. The input data file
uses the same syntax as the output from dump_data. Non-ASCII
characters should be encoded as XML numerical entities.
This operation does not change the metadata stored in the
PDF's XMP stream, if it has one. (For this reason you should
include a ModDate entry in your updated info with a current
date/timestamp, format: D:YYYYMMDDHHmmSS, e.g. D:201307241346
-- omitted data after YYYY revert to default values.)
For example:
pdftk in.pdf update_info in.info output out.pdf
update_info_utf8 <info data filename | - | PROMPT>
Same as update_info except that the input is encoded as
UTF-8.
attach_files <attachment filenames | PROMPT> [to_page <page number |
PROMPT>]
Packs arbitrary files into a PDF using PDF's file attachment
features. More than one attachment may be listed after
attach_files. Attachments are added at the document level
unless the optional to_page option is given, in which case
the files are attached to the given page number (the first
page is 1, the final page is end). For example:
pdftk in.pdf attach_files table1.html table2.html to_page 6
output out.pdf
unpack_files
Copies all of the attachments from the input PDF into the
current folder or to an output directory given after output.
For example:
pdftk report.pdf unpack_files output ~/atts/
or, interactively:
pdftk report.pdf unpack_files output PROMPT
[output <output filename | - | PROMPT>]
The output PDF filename may not be set to the name of an input
filename. Use - to output to stdout. When using the dump_data
operation, use output to set the name of the output data file.
When using the unpack_files operation, use output to set the
name of an output directory. When using the burst operation,
you can use output to control the resulting PDF page filenames
(described above).
[encrypt_40bit | encrypt_128bit]
If an output PDF user or owner password is given, output PDF
encryption strength defaults to 128 bits. This can be
overridden by specifying encrypt_40bit.
[allow <permissions>]
Permissions are applied to the output PDF only if an encryption
strength is specified or an owner or user password is given. If
permissions are not specified, they default to 'none,' which
means all of the following features are disabled.
The permissions section may include one or more of the following
features:
Printing
Top Quality Printing
DegradedPrinting
Lower Quality Printing
ModifyContents
Also allows Assembly
Assembly
CopyContents
Also allows ScreenReaders
ScreenReaders
ModifyAnnotations
Also allows FillIn
FillIn
AllFeatures
Allows the user to perform all of the above, and top
quality printing.
[owner_pw <owner password | PROMPT>]
[user_pw <user password | PROMPT>]
If an encryption strength is given but no passwords are
supplied, then the owner and user passwords remain empty, which
means that the resulting PDF may be opened and its security
parameters altered by anybody.
[compress | uncompress]
These are only useful when you want to edit PDF code in a text
editor like vim or emacs. Remove PDF page stream compression by
applying the uncompress filter. Use the compress filter to
restore compression.
[flatten]
Use this option to merge an input PDF's interactive form fields
(and their data) with the PDF's pages. Only one input PDF may be
given. Sometimes used with the fill_form operation.
[need_appearances]
Sets a flag that cues Reader/Acrobat to generate new field
appearances based on the form field values. Use this when
filling a form with non-ASCII text to ensure the best
presentation in Adobe Reader or Acrobat. It won't work when
combined with the flatten option.
[keep_first_id | keep_final_id]
When combining pages from multiple PDFs, use one of these
options to copy the document ID from either the first or final
input document into the new output PDF. Otherwise pdftk creates
a new document ID for the output PDF. When no operation is
given, pdftk always uses the ID from the (single) input PDF.
[drop_xfa]
If your input PDF is a form created using Acrobat 7 or Adobe
Designer, then it probably has XFA data. Filling such a form
using pdftk yields a PDF with data that fails to display in
Acrobat 7 (and 6?). The workaround solution is to remove the
form's XFA data, either before you fill the form using pdftk or
at the time you fill the form. Using this option causes pdftk to
omit the XFA data from the output PDF form.
This option is only useful when running pdftk on a single input
PDF. When assembling a PDF from multiple inputs using pdftk,
any XFA data in the input is automatically omitted.
[drop_xmp]
Many PDFs store document metadata using both an Info dictionary
(old school) and an XMP stream (new school). Pdftk's
update_info operation can update the Info dictionary, but not
the XMP stream. The proper remedy for this is to include a
ModDate entry in your updated info with a current
date/timestamp. The date/timestamp format is: D:YYYYMMDDHHmmSS,
e.g. D:201307241346 -- omitted data after YYYY revert to default
values. This newer ModDate should cue PDF viewers that the Info
metadata is more current than the XMP data.
Alternatively, you might prefer to remove the XMP stream from
the PDF altogether -- that's what this option does. Note that
objects inside the PDF might have their own, separate XMP
metadata streams, and that drop_xmp does not remove those. It
only removes the PDF's document-level XMP stream.
[verbose]
By default, pdftk runs quietly. Append verbose to the end and it
will speak up.
[dont_ask | do_ask]
Depending on the compile-time settings (see ASK_ABOUT_WARNINGS),
pdftk might prompt you for further input when it encounters a
problem, such as a bad password. Override this default behavior
by adding dont_ask (so pdftk won't ask you what to do) or do_ask
(so pdftk will ask you what to do).
When running in dont_ask mode, pdftk will over-write files with
its output without notice.
EXAMPLES
Collate scanned pages
pdftk A=even.pdf B=odd.pdf shuffle A B output collated.pdf
or if odd.pdf is in reverse order:
pdftk A=even.pdf B=odd.pdf shuffle A Bend-1 output collated.pdf
Decrypt a PDF
pdftk secured.pdf input_pw foopass output unsecured.pdf
Encrypt a PDF using 128-bit strength (the default), withhold all
permissions (the default)
pdftk 1.pdf output 1.128.pdf owner_pw foopass
Same as above, except password 'baz' must also be used to open output
PDF
pdftk 1.pdf output 1.128.pdf owner_pw foo user_pw baz
Same as above, except printing is allowed (once the PDF is open)
pdftk 1.pdf output 1.128.pdf owner_pw foo user_pw baz allow printing
Join in1.pdf and in2.pdf into a new PDF, out1.pdf
pdftk in1.pdf in2.pdf cat output out1.pdf
or (using handles):
pdftk A=in1.pdf B=in2.pdf cat A B output out1.pdf
or (using wildcards):
pdftk *.pdf cat output combined.pdf
Remove page 13 from in1.pdf to create out1.pdf
pdftk in.pdf cat 1-12 14-end output out1.pdf
or:
pdftk A=in1.pdf cat A1-12 A14-end output out1.pdf
Apply 40-bit encryption to output, revoking all permissions (the
default). Set the owner PW to 'foopass'.
pdftk 1.pdf 2.pdf cat output 3.pdf encrypt_40bit owner_pw foopass
Join two files, one of which requires the password 'foopass'. The
output is not encrypted.
pdftk A=secured.pdf 2.pdf input_pw A=foopass cat output 3.pdf
Uncompress PDF page streams for editing the PDF in a text editor (e.g.,
vim, emacs)
pdftk doc.pdf output doc.unc.pdf uncompress
Repair a PDF's corrupted XREF table and stream lengths, if possible
pdftk broken.pdf output fixed.pdf
Burst a single PDF document into pages and dump its data to
doc_data.txt
pdftk in.pdf burst
Burst a single PDF document into encrypted pages. Allow low-quality
printing
pdftk in.pdf burst owner_pw foopass allow DegradedPrinting
Write a report on PDF document metadata and bookmarks to report.txt
pdftk in.pdf dump_data output report.txt
Rotate the first PDF page to 90 degrees clockwise
pdftk in.pdf cat 1east 2-end output out.pdf
Rotate an entire PDF document to 180 degrees
pdftk in.pdf cat 1-endsouth output out.pdf
NOTES
The pdftk home page permalink is: http://www.pdflabs.com/tools/pdftk-the-pdf-toolkit/ The easy-to-remember shortcut is: www.pdftk.com
AUTHOR
Sid Steward (sid.steward at pdflabs dot com) maintains pdftk. Please
email him with questions or bug reports. Include pdftk in the subject
line to ensure successful delivery. Thank you.
July 24, 2013 PDFTK(1)
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