oz-examples(1)
NAME
oz-examples - example TDL files for Oz.
DESCRIPTION
The oz-install(1) , oz-customize(1) , and oz-generate-icicle(1) man pages explain the command-line usage of the Oz commands. One of the required input parameters to all of the above commands is a TDL (Template Description Language) file, which describes the OS the user wants to install, where to get the media from, and any additional packages or actions the user wants to take on the operating system. This man page describes a number of TDL examples and what happens when they are used. Since the TDL is XML, standard XPath notation is used to describe various elements of the XML.
EXAMPLE 1 - Minimal guest
Assume we want to install a minimal Fedora 13 x86_64 operating system
from a Fedora 13 DVD ISO located at
http://example.org/fedora-13-x86_64.iso
To do this install we first build a TDL XML file, then feed it to oz-
install. The TDL file would look like:
<template>
<name>fedora13_x86_64</name>
<os>
<name>Fedora</name>
<version>13</version>
<arch>x86_64</arch>
<install type='iso'>
<iso>http://example.org/fedora-13-x86_64.iso</iso>
</install>
</os>
<description>My Fedora 13 x86_64 template</description>
</template>
/template/name is a user-defined name. This can be anything the user
wants, but must be unique among all TDLs the user wants to build.
/template/os/name is the name of the operating system we want to
install, /template/os/version is the version we want, and
/template/os/arch is the architecture we want. A full list of
supported operating systems can be obtained by running:
# oz-install -h
/template/os/install tells Oz where to get the installation media from.
In this example, we set type to 'iso' which means that we need an <iso>
element in the XML pointing to the ISO install media (install methods
other than ISO are supported, and described in other examples).
/template/description is an optional, human-readable description of the
template. This can be anything the user wants, and is ignored by Oz.
That's all of the input that Oz needs. To actually do the
installation, save the above to a file (say fedora13.tdl), and then run
oz-install:
# oz-install /path/to/fedora13.tdl
Running this command will download and prepare the installation media,
then run an automated install in a KVM guest. Assuming the install
succeeds, the minimal operating system will be installed on a file in
/var/lib/libvirt/images/fedora13_x86_64.dsk (by default, the output
location can be overridden in the configuration file).
EXAMPLE 2 - Guest with additional packages
Assume we want to install a Fedora 14 x86_64 operating system from a
Fedora 14 DVD ISO located at http://example.org/fedora-14-x86_64.iso
Additionally assume we want to install the postgresql-server package on
the operating system. To do this install, we first need to build a TDL
XML file and then feed that to oz-install. The TDL file would look
like:
<template>
<name>fedora14_postgres</name>
<os>
<name>Fedora</name>
<version>14</version>
<arch>x86_64</arch>
<install type='iso'>
<iso>http://example.org/fedora-14-x86_64.iso</iso>
</install>
</os>
<description>Fedora 14 x86_64 with postgres</description>
<packages>
<package name='postgresql-server'/>
</packages>
</template>
Notice that this is very similar to Example 1, except we specified an
additional package to be installed in the /packages/package portion of
the TDL. Multiple packages can be specified here, and they will all be
installed on the operating system. In this example, all packages are
downloaded and installed from the default operating system package
repositories. Running the installation is done the same way as in
Example 1, except we have to add a command-line parameter to actually
do the customization:
# oz-install -u /path/to/fedora14.tdl
Running this command will download and prepare the installation media,
then run an automated install in a KVM guest.
Assuming the initial install succeeds, Oz will then boot the operating
system and run native commands to install the additional packages. For
more information about why this approach is used, please see the Oz
Architecture document at http://github.com/clalancette/oz/wiki/Oz-
architecture.
Assuming this final step succeeds, the operating system with the
additional packages will be installed on a file in
/var/lib/libvirt/images/fedora14_postgres.dsk (by default, the output
location can be overridden in the configuration file).
EXAMPLE 3 - Generate a package manifest (ICICLE) after installation
Assume we want to install a RHEL-5 x86_64 operating system from a
RHEL-5 DVD ISO located at http://example.org/rhel-5-x86_64.iso
Additionally assume we want to get a package manifest out of the
operating system after the install is done. To do this install, we
first need to build a TDL XML file and then feed that to oz-install.
The TDL file would look like:
<template>
<name>rhel5_x86_64</name>
<os>
<name>RHEL-5</name>
<version>U6</version>
<arch>x86_64</arch>
<install type='iso'>
<iso>http://example.org/rhel-5-x86_64.iso</iso>
</install>
</os>
<description>RHEL-5 x86_64</description>
</template>
This is essentially the same as Example 1, except we want to install
RHEL-5 instead of Fedora-13.
Running the installation is done the same was as in Example 1, except
we have to add a command-line parameter to generate the manifest at the
end:
# oz-install -g /path/to/rhel5.tdl
Running this command will download and prepare the installation media,
then run an automated install in a KVM guest.
Assuming the initial install succeeds, Oz will then boot the operating
system and run native commands to query all of the packages in the
system. It will then output an XML document (called an ICICLE)
describing the entire manifest.
Assuming this step succeeds, the minimal operating system will be
install on a file in /var/lib/libvirt/images/rhel5_x86_64.dsk (by
default, the output location can be overridden in the configuration
file).
EXAMPLE 4 - Install a package from an alternate repository
Assume we want to install a RHEL-6 x86_64 operating system from a
RHEL-6 DVD ISO located at http://example.org/rhel-6-x86_64.iso
Additionally assume that we want to install the ccache package from the
EPEL-6 repositories on the operating system. To do this install, we
first need to build a TDL XML file and then feed that to oz-install.
The TDL file would look like:
<template>
<name>rhel6_ccache</name>
<os>
<name>RHEL-6</name>
<version>1</version>
<arch>x86_64</arch>
<install type='iso'>
<iso>http://example.org/rhel-6-x86_64.iso</iso>
</install>
</os>
<description>RHEL-6 x86_64 with ccache</description>
<repositories>
<repository name='epel-6'>
<url>http://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/$basearch</url>
<signed>yes</signed>
</repository>
</repositories>
<packages>
<package name='ccache'/>
</packages>
</template>
Notice that this is very similar to Example 2, except we have specified
an additional repository from which to download packages. The
/repositories/repository section of the TDL specified the URL to the
package repository along with whether the packages in the repository
are signed. Running the installation is done the same way as in
Example 2:
# oz-install -u /path/to/rhel6_ccache.tdl
Running this command will download and prepare the installation media,
then run an automated install in a KVM guest.
Assuming the initial install succeeds, Oz will then boot the operating
system and run native commands to setup the additional repositories and
install the additional packages. For more information about why this
approach is used, please see the Oz Architecture document at
http://github.com/clalancette/oz/wiki/Oz-architecture.
Assuming this final step succeeds, the operating system with the
additional packages will be installed on a file in
/var/lib/libvirt/images/rhel6_ccache.dsk (by default, the output
location can be overridden in the configuration file).
EXAMPLE 5 - Install a custom file from information in the TDL
Assume we want to install a RHEL-6 x86_64 operating system from a
RHEL-6 DVD ISO located at http://example.org/rhel-6-x86_64.iso
Additionally assume that we want to write some data to the file
/etc/test.out inside the guest. To do this install, we first need to
build a TDL XML file and then feed that to oz-install. The TDL file
would look like:
<template>
<name>rhel6_testout</name>
<os>
<name>RHEL-6</name>
<version>1</version>
<arch>x86_64</arch>
<install type='iso'>
<iso>http://example.org/rhel-6-x86_64.iso</iso>
</install>
</os>
<description>RHEL-6 x86_64 with test.out</description>
<files>
<file name='/etc/test.out'>THIS=extra_data</file>
</files>
</template>
Multiple files can be specified here, and they will all be installed on
the operating system in the specified locations. Files can be
specified inline in raw text in the TDL, as base64 encoded data in the
TDL, or as URLs. We need to run the installation with customization
for this to work:
# oz-install -u /path/to/rhel6_testout.tdl
Running this command will download and prepare the installation media,
then run an automated install in a KVM guest.
Assuming the initial install succeeds, Oz will then boot the operating
system and run native commands to upload the files specified in the
TDL. For more information about why this approach is used, please see
the Oz Architecture document at
http://github.com/clalancette/oz/wiki/Oz-architecture.
Assuming this final step succeeds, the operating system with the
additional files will be installed on a file in
/var/lib/libvirt/images/rhel6_testout.dsk (by default, the output
location can be overridden in the configuration file).
EXAMPLE 6 - Install a custom file from base64-encoded information in the TDL
Assume we want to install a RHEL-6 x86_64 operating system from a
RHEL-6 DVD ISO located at http://example.org/rhel-6-x86_64.iso
Additionally assume that we want to write some data to the file
/etc/test.out inside the guest. Since this data may be binary, we want
to base64 encode it first. To do this install, we first need to build
a TDL XML file and then feed that to oz-install. The TDL file would
look like:
<template>
<name>rhel6_testout</name>
<os>
<name>RHEL-6</name>
<version>1</version>
<arch>x86_64</arch>
<install type='iso'>
<iso>http://example.org/rhel-6-x86_64.iso</iso>
</install>
</os>
<description>RHEL-6 x86_64 with test.out</description>
<files>
<file name='/etc/test.out'
type='base64'>VEhJUz1leHRyYV9kYXRhCg==</file>
</files>
</template>
Multiple files can be specified here, and they will all be installed on
the operating system in the specified locations. Files can be
specified inline in raw text in the TDL, as base64 encoded data in the
TDL, or as URLs. We need to run the installation with customization
for this to work:
# oz-install -u /path/to/rhel6_testout.tdl
Running this command will download and prepare the installation media,
then run an automated install in a KVM guest.
Assuming the initial install succeeds, Oz will then boot the operating
system and run native commands to upload the files specified in the
TDL. For more information about why this approach is used, please see
the Oz Architecture document at
http://github.com/clalancette/oz/wiki/Oz-architecture.
Assuming this final step succeeds, the operating system with the
additional files will be installed on a file in
/var/lib/libvirt/images/rhel6_testout.dsk (by default, the output
location can be overridden in the configuration file).
EXAMPLE 7 - Install a custom file from a URL
Assume we want to install a RHEL-6 x86_64 operating system from a
RHEL-6 DVD ISO located at http://example.org/rhel-6-x86_64.iso
Additionally assume that we want to write some data to the file
/etc/test.out inside the guest. We want to fetch this data from a URL
and upload into the guest. To do this install, we first need to build
a TDL XML file and then feed that to oz-install. The TDL file would
look like:
<template>
<name>rhel6_testout</name>
<os>
<name>RHEL-6</name>
<version>1</version>
<arch>x86_64</arch>
<install type='iso'>
<iso>http://example.org/rhel-6-x86_64.iso</iso>
</install>
</os>
<description>RHEL-6 x86_64 with test.out</description>
<files>
<file name='/etc/test.out'
type='url'>http://example.org/orig.out</file>
</files>
</template>
Multiple files can be specified here, and they will all be installed on
the operating system in the specified locations. Files can be
specified inline in raw text in the TDL, as base64 encoded data in the
TDL, or as URLs. We need to run the installation with customization
for this to work:
# oz-install -u /path/to/rhel6_testout.tdl
Running this command will download and prepare the installation media,
then run an automated install in a KVM guest.
Assuming the initial install succeeds, Oz will then boot the operating
system and run native commands to upload the files specified in the
TDL. For more information about why this approach is used, please see
the Oz Architecture document at
http://github.com/clalancette/oz/wiki/Oz-architecture.
Assuming this final step succeeds, the operating system with the
additional files will be installed on a file in
/var/lib/libvirt/images/rhel6_testout.dsk (by default, the output
location can be overridden in the configuration file).
SEE ALSO
oz-install(1), oz-generate-icicle(1), oz-customize(1), oz-cleanup- cache(1)
AUTHOR
Chris Lalancette <[email protected]>
Opportunity
Personal Opportunity - Free software gives you access to billions of dollars of software at no cost. Use this software for your business, personal use or to develop a profitable skill. Access to source code provides access to a level of capabilities/information that companies protect though copyrights. Open source is a core component of the Internet and it is available to you. Leverage the billions of dollars in resources and capabilities to build a career, establish a business or change the world. The potential is endless for those who understand the opportunity.
Business Opportunity - Goldman Sachs, IBM and countless large corporations are leveraging open source to reduce costs, develop products and increase their bottom lines. Learn what these companies know about open source and how open source can give you the advantage.
Free Software
Free Software provides computer programs and capabilities at no cost but more importantly, it provides the freedom to run, edit, contribute to, and share the software. The importance of free software is a matter of access, not price. Software at no cost is a benefit but ownership rights to the software and source code is far more significant.
Free Office Software - The Libre Office suite provides top desktop productivity tools for free. This includes, a word processor, spreadsheet, presentation engine, drawing and flowcharting, database and math applications. Libre Office is available for Linux or Windows.
Free Books
The Free Books Library is a collection of thousands of the most popular public domain books in an online readable format. The collection includes great classical literature and more recent works where the U.S. copyright has expired. These books are yours to read and use without restrictions.
Source Code - Want to change a program or know how it works? Open Source provides the source code for its programs so that anyone can use, modify or learn how to write those programs themselves. Visit the GNU source code repositories to download the source.
Education
Study at Harvard, Stanford or MIT - Open edX provides free online courses from Harvard, MIT, Columbia, UC Berkeley and other top Universities. Hundreds of courses for almost all major subjects and course levels. Open edx also offers some paid courses and selected certifications.
Linux Manual Pages - A man or manual page is a form of software documentation found on Linux/Unix operating systems. Topics covered include computer programs (including library and system calls), formal standards and conventions, and even abstract concepts.
