makemap(8)
NAME
makemap --- create database maps for smtpd
SYNOPSIS
makemap [-U] [-d dbtype] [-o dbfile] [-t type] file
DESCRIPTION
Maps provide a generic interface for associating textual key to a value.
Such associations may be accessed through a plaintext file, database, or
DNS. The format of these file types is described below. makemap itself
creates the database maps used by keyed map lookups specified in
smtpd.conf(5).
makemap reads input from file and writes data to a file whose name is
made by adding a ".db" suffix to file. The current line can be extended
over multiple lines using a backslash ('\'). Comments can be put
anywhere in the file using a hash mark ('#'), and extend to the end of
the current line. Care should be taken when commenting out multi-line
text: the comment is effective until the end of the entire block. In all
cases, makemap reads lines consisting of words separated by whitespace.
The first word of a line is the database key; the remainder represents
the mapped value. The database key and value may optionally be separated
by the colon character.
The options are as follows:
-d dbtype
Specify the format of the database. Available formats are hash
and btree. The default value is hash.
-o dbfile
Write the generated database to dbfile.
-t type
Specify the format of the resulting map file. The default map
format is suitable for storing simple, unstructured, key-to-value
string associations. However, if the mapped value has special
meaning, as in the case of the virtual domains file, a suitable
type must be provided. The available output types are:
aliases The mapped value is a comma-separated list of mail
destinations. This format can be used for building user
aliases and user mappings for virtual domain files.
set There is no mapped value -- a map of this type will only
allow for the lookup of keys. This format can be used
for building primary domain maps.
-U Instead of generating a database map from text input, dump the
contents of a database map as text with the key and value
separated with a tab.
PRIMARY DOMAINS
Primary domains can be kept in tables. To create a primary domain table,
add each primary domain on a single line by itself.
In addition to adding an entry to the primary domain map, one must add a
filter rule that accepts mail for the domain map, for example:
table domains "/etc/domains"
accept for domain <domains> deliver to mbox
VIRTUAL DOMAINS
Virtual domains may also be kept in tables. To create a virtual domain
table, add each virtual domain on a single line by itself.
Virtual domains expect a mapping of virtual users to real users in order
to determine if a recipient is accepted or not. The mapping format is an
extension to aliases(5), which allows the use of "user@domain.tld" to
accept user only on the specified domain, "user" to accept the user for
any of the virtual domains, "@domain.tld" to provide a catch-all for the
specified domain and "@" to provide a global catch-all for all domains.
smtpd(8) will perform the lookups in that specific order.
To create single virtual address, add "user@example.com user" to the
users map. To handle all mail destined to any user at example.com, add
"@example.com user" to the virtual map.
In addition to adding an entry to the virtual map, one must add a filter
rule that accepts mail for virtual domains, for example:
table vdomains "/etc/vdomains"
table vusers "/etc/users"
accept for domain <vdomains> virtual <vusers> deliver to mbox
accept for domain example.org virtual <vusers> deliver to mbox
FILES
/etc/aliases List of user mail aliases.
/etc/secrets List of remote host credentials.
EXIT STATUS
The makemap utility exits 0 on success, and >0 if an error occurs.
SEE ALSO
aliases(5), smtpd.conf(5), table(5), newaliases(8), smtpd(8)
HISTORY
The makemap command first appeared in OpenBSD 4.6 as a replacement for
the equivalent command shipped with sendmail.
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