virt-cat(1)
NAME
virt-cat - Display files in a virtual machine
SYNOPSIS
virt-cat [--options] -d domname file [file ...]
virt-cat [--options] -a disk.img [-a disk.img ...] file [file ...]
Old-style:
virt-cat domname file
virt-cat disk.img file
DESCRIPTION
"virt-cat" is a command line tool to display the contents of "file" where "file" exists in the named virtual machine (or disk image). Multiple filenames can be given, in which case they are concatenated together. Each filename must be a full path, starting at the root directory (starting with '/'). "virt-cat" can be used to quickly view a file. To edit a file, use "virt-edit". For more complex cases you should look at the guestfish(1) tool (see "USING GUESTFISH" below).
EXAMPLES
Display /etc/fstab file from inside the libvirt VM called "mydomain":
virt-cat -d mydomain /etc/fstab
Find out what packages were recently installed:
virt-cat -d mydomain /var/log/yum.log | tail
Find out who is logged on inside a virtual machine:
virt-cat -d mydomain /var/run/utmp > /tmp/utmp
who /tmp/utmp
or who was logged on:
virt-cat -d mydomain /var/log/wtmp > /tmp/wtmp
last -f /tmp/wtmp
OPTIONS
--help
Display brief help.
-a file
--add file
Add file which should be a disk image from a virtual machine. If
the virtual machine has multiple block devices, you must supply all
of them with separate -a options.
The format of the disk image is auto-detected. To override this
and force a particular format use the --format=.. option.
-a URI
--add URI
Add a remote disk. See "ADDING REMOTE STORAGE" in guestfish(1).
-c URI
--connect URI
If using libvirt, connect to the given URI. If omitted, then we
connect to the default libvirt hypervisor.
If you specify guest block devices directly (-a), then libvirt is
not used at all.
-d guest
--domain guest
Add all the disks from the named libvirt guest. Domain UUIDs can
be used instead of names.
--echo-keys
When prompting for keys and passphrases, virt-cat normally turns
echoing off so you cannot see what you are typing. If you are not
worried about Tempest attacks and there is no one else in the room
you can specify this flag to see what you are typing.
--format=raw|qcow2|..
--format
The default for the -a option is to auto-detect the format of the
disk image. Using this forces the disk format for -a options which
follow on the command line. Using --format with no argument
switches back to auto-detection for subsequent -a options.
For example:
virt-cat --format=raw -a disk.img file
forces raw format (no auto-detection) for disk.img.
virt-cat --format=raw -a disk.img --format -a another.img file
forces raw format (no auto-detection) for disk.img and reverts to
auto-detection for another.img.
If you have untrusted raw-format guest disk images, you should use
this option to specify the disk format. This avoids a possible
security problem with malicious guests (CVE-2010-3851).
--keys-from-stdin
Read key or passphrase parameters from stdin. The default is to
try to read passphrases from the user by opening /dev/tty.
-m dev[:mountpoint[:options[:fstype]]]
--mount dev[:mountpoint[:options[:fstype]]]
Mount the named partition or logical volume on the given
mountpoint.
If the mountpoint is omitted, it defaults to /.
Specifying any mountpoint disables the inspection of the guest and
the mount of its root and all of its mountpoints, so make sure to
mount all the mountpoints needed to work with the filenames given
as arguments.
If you don't know what filesystems a disk image contains, you can
either run guestfish without this option, then list the partitions,
filesystems and LVs available (see "list-partitions", "list-
filesystems" and "lvs" commands), or you can use the
virt-filesystems(1) program.
The third (and rarely used) part of the mount parameter is the list
of mount options used to mount the underlying filesystem. If this
is not given, then the mount options are either the empty string or
"ro" (the latter if the --ro flag is used). By specifying the
mount options, you override this default choice. Probably the only
time you would use this is to enable ACLs and/or extended
attributes if the filesystem can support them:
-m /dev/sda1:/:acl,user_xattr
Using this flag is equivalent to using the "mount-options" command.
The fourth part of the parameter is the filesystem driver to use,
such as "ext3" or "ntfs". This is rarely needed, but can be useful
if multiple drivers are valid for a filesystem (eg: "ext2" and
"ext3"), or if libguestfs misidentifies a filesystem.
-v
--verbose
Enable verbose messages for debugging.
-V
--version
Display version number and exit.
-x Enable tracing of libguestfs API calls.
OLD-STYLE COMMAND LINE ARGUMENTS
Previous versions of virt-cat allowed you to write either:
virt-cat disk.img [disk.img ...] file
or
virt-cat guestname file
whereas in this version you should use -a or -d respectively to avoid
the confusing case where a disk image might have the same name as a
guest.
For compatibility the old style is still supported.
LOG FILES
To list out the log files from guests, see the related tool virt-log(1). It understands binary log formats such as the systemd journal.
WINDOWS PATHS
"virt-cat" has a limited ability to understand Windows drive letters
and paths (eg. E:\foo ar.txt).
If and only if the guest is running Windows then:
* Drive letter prefixes like "C:" are resolved against the Windows
Registry to the correct filesystem.
* Any backslash ("\") characters in the path are replaced with
forward slashes so that libguestfs can process it.
* The path is resolved case insensitively to locate the file that
should be displayed.
There are some known shortcomings:
* Some NTFS symbolic links may not be followed correctly.
* NTFS junction points that cross filesystems are not followed.
USING GUESTFISH
guestfish(1) is a more powerful, lower level tool which you can use when "virt-cat" doesn't work. Using "virt-cat" is approximately equivalent to doing: guestfish --ro -i -d domname download file - where "domname" is the name of the libvirt guest, and "file" is the full path to the file. Note the final "-" (meaning "output to stdout"). The command above uses libguestfs's guest inspection feature and so does not work on guests that libguestfs cannot inspect, or on things like arbitrary disk images that don't contain guests. To display a file from a disk image directly, use: guestfish --ro -a disk.img -m /dev/sda1 download file - where disk.img is the disk image, /dev/sda1 is the filesystem within the disk image, and "file" is the full path to the file.
EXIT STATUS
This program returns 0 if successful, or non-zero if there was an error.
SEE ALSO
guestfs(3), guestfish(1), virt-copy-out(1), virt-edit(1), virt-log(1), virt-tar-out(1), http://libguestfs.org/.
AUTHOR
Richard W.M. Jones http://people.redhat.com/~rjones/
COPYRIGHT
Copyright (C) 2010-2012 Red Hat Inc.
LICENSE
This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version. This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details. You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
BUGS
To get a list of bugs against libguestfs, use this link:
https://bugzilla.redhat.com/buglist.cgi?component=libguestfs&product=Virtualization+Tools
To report a new bug against libguestfs, use this link:
https://bugzilla.redhat.com/enter_bug.cgi?component=libguestfs&product=Virtualization+Tools
When reporting a bug, please supply:
* The version of libguestfs.
* Where you got libguestfs (eg. which Linux distro, compiled from
source, etc)
* Describe the bug accurately and give a way to reproduce it.
* Run libguestfs-test-tool(1) and paste the complete, unedited output
into the bug report.
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