pbuilder(8)
NAME
pbuilder - personal package builder
SYNOPSIS
pbuilder create [options] pbuilder update [options] pbuilder build [options] .dsc-file pbuilder clean pbuilder login [options] pbuilder execute [options] -- script [script options] pbuilder dumpconfig pbuilder debuild [options]
DESCRIPTION
Front end program to the pbuilder suite of programs, used for creating and maintaining chroot environment and building Debian package in the chroot environment.
COMMANDS
create
Creates a base.tgz for the specified distribution.
update
up
u
Updates the base.tgz for the specified distribution. Also, by
specifying the --override-config option, it is possible to
install a new apt-line using the given options and settings in
the configuration file for the base.tgz.
For example, to switch the distribution of an existing base.tgz
to sid, specify the --distribution sid --override-config options
to update.
build
b
Builds the package specified by .dsc-file in the chroot
environment created using the base.tgz
clean
Cleans up the directory specified by the configuration
BUILDPLACE and APTCACHE specified in /etc/pbuilderrc
login
l
Logs into the chroot, and cleaned up afterwards. Any changes
you make will not be kept. Only use this for temporary and
debugging purposes. Do not bind-mount filesystems directly
inside the chroot. Use --bindmounts option to mount.
execute
e
Execute a script or command inside the chroot, in a similar
manner to login
The file specified in the command-line argument will be copied
into the chroot, and invoked.
The remaining arguments are passed on to the script.
dumpconfig
Dumps configuration information, used for debugging.
debuild
Builds a Debian package from the Debian source directory. The
current directory should have the usual debian/ directory.
Same as pdebuild --use-pdebuild-internal
OPTIONS
The command is followed by options of the form --option name which will
modify the semantics as explained below. They are applied from left-
to-right, and when there are conflicting options, the rightmost options
will have effect.
--basetgz [basetgz-location]
Specifies the location of base.tgz
This option will define the default distribution and apt-lines
when used in pbuilder update and pbuilder create
--buildplace [location of build]
Specifies the location where building and base.tgz updating and
creation takes place. This is a temporary work directory.
A subdirectory of that directory using the current PID of the
process is used.
--buildresult [location to put build result]
Specifies the location the build result gets into after
building. The deb files and other files that have resulted from
build is copied there. Note that the default value is not the
current directory, or .. but another place,
/var/cache/pbuilder/result This is to avoid overwriting already
existing deb files with the newly generated ones.
--mirror [mirror location]
Specifies the URL of Debian mirror to be specified in
sources.list inside the chroot. This option is only valid when
distribution is being specified, for update and build targets.
The format is something like: http://http.us.debian.org/debian
which should point to your favourite mirror.
This option can optionally be omitted, and left blank, in which
case, this part is skipped.
Note that these URLs specified to pbuilder will be used from
within the chroot, and specifying file:/somewhere/ will most
probably fail.
--othermirror [deb http://xxx/xxx/ ./ | other deb lines... ]
The lines which is added to the sources.list, delimited with |
Like deb http://local/mirror stable main|deb
file:/usr/local/mirror ./
The deb lines here are the ones that will appear at the top of
the sources.list inside the chroot. Be sure to follow the
syntax rules of sources.list(5). These lines appear at the
beginning of the constructed sources file, so this is the place
to list your local mirror sites; apt will then use them in
preference to the ones listed in --mirror .
--distribution [distribution]
Specifies the distribution used. The supported values are the
ones debootstrap supports, plus experimental which is special
cased in pbuilder. For instance you may use: sid or
experimental .
--architecture [architecture]
Specifies the build architecture (as described in
dpkg-architecture(1)). It'll be the architecture used when
creating the chroot, defaults to the system one. The supported
values are the ones debootstrap supports.
--host-arch [architecture]
Specifies the host architecture (as described in
dpkg-architecture(1)). Defaults to the build architecture. Use
this flag if you are interested in doing a cross architecture
build. pbuilder will make sure the environment is correctly set
up, including adding nocheck to DEB_BUILD_OPTIONS and
DEB_BUILD_PROFILES.
--no-auto-cross
Suppress automatic addition of nocheck to DEB_BUILD_OPTIONS and
DEB_BUILD_PROFILES in case of cross-building. All the other
configuration (adding the architecture to dpkg, installing the
cross toolchain, passing --host-arch to dpkg-buildpackage, etc)
is done nonetheless; specify this flag twice to prevent that
from happening too.
--components [components]
Specifies the default distribution components to use. eg. "main
contrib non-free". Default is "main".
--override-config
Specify to use different apt set up inside the chroot than it
was used for creating the base.tgz. Specify this when you want
to do pbuilder update with a different distribution target set
up.
--distribution , --components , --mirror , --othermirror options
are only valid when --override-config option is specified in
update target, or when pbuilder create is being called.
--http-proxy [proxy]
Specifies the http proxy URL. Something like
http://xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx:8080/ should do.
--use-network [yes|no]
Specify yes when you do not want to disable network access
during build. Network is not available on a Debian buildd, so
you might want to keep the default of no. Disabling network
access currently only works on Linux.
--aptcache [location of retrieved package files]
Specifies the location where the packages downloaded by apt
should be cached. Use --aptcache "" if you want caching to be
turned off.
--debdelta
This option is used in the update target, and enable the use of
debdelta (if it is already installed, otherwise will be
installed the first time this option is used).
--configfile [configuration file to load]
Additional configuration file to read after all other
configuration files have been read.
--hookdir [location of user scripts]
Specifies the location where scripts for user intervention
during the create and update process are stored. Currently
scripts are executed at only one point, on exit from the
chrooted environment, just before either a create or a build
regenerated the base.tgz file. The script names must be in the
form X<digit><digit><whatever-else-you-want> much like boot
scripts. The scripts must be executable and may be either
binaries or interpreted scripts. If it is a script in other than
Bourne Shell or Perl, it is up to the user to ensure the
interpreter was previously installed in the chrooted
environment. Files ending in ~ or .bak are ignored.
Although it may not seem necessary, pbuilder --update does not
invoke the hooks if --hookdir is empty, so if you want to avoid
running hooks, run pbuilder with --hookdir ""
If there is a distribution hook, for example, if there was a
file sid inside the hook directory, and the script was creating
the chroot for sid distribution, pbuilder will call debootstrap
with that as the 4th parameter in the chroot creation process.
This allows for use of custom debootstrap hook script.
A<digit><digit><whatever-else-you-want> is for build target. It
is executed before build starts; after unpacking the build
system, and unpacking the source, and satisfying the build-
dependency.
B<digit><digit><whatever-else-you-want> is executed after build
system finishes building, successfully, before copying back the
build result.
C<digit><digit><whatever-else-you-want> is executed after build
failure, before cleanup.
D<digit><digit><whatever-else-you-want> is executed before
unpacking the source inside the chroot, after setting up the
chroot environment. Create $TMP, and $TMPDIR if necessary.
This is called before build-dependency is satisfied. Also
useful for calling apt-get update
E<digit><digit><whatever-else-you-want> is executed after
pbuilder update
and pbuilder create finishes apt-get work with the chroot,
before umounting kernel file systems (/proc) and creating the
tarball from the chroot.
F<digit><digit><whatever-else-you-want> is executed just before
user logs in, or program starts executing, after chroot is
created in login or execute target.
G<digit><digit><whatever-else-you-want> is executed just after
debootstrap finishes, and configuration is loaded, and pbuilder
starts mounting /proc and invoking apt-get install in create
target.
H<digit><digit><whatever-else-you-want> is executed just after
unpacking the chroot, mounting proc and any bind mount specified
in BINDMOUNTS. It's executed for every target that requires the
unpacked chroot. It's useful if you want to dynamically change
the chroot guts before anything starts using it.
I<digit><digit><whatever-else-you-want> is executed after build
system finishes building, successfully, after copying back the
build results.
In your hook the following environment variables are available:
PBUILDER_OPERATION a string indicating which of the pbuilder
command has been called. Possible values are build, clean,
create, debuild, dumpconfig, execute, login, update.
BUILDDIR the place where the build happens, the sources are
inside a directory named <package>-<version>.
DISTRIBUTION the name of the used distribution, as provided by
the DISTRIBUTION config value, or the --distribution command
line flag.
BUILD_ARCH contains the build architecture, the architecture
the package is building on.
HOST_ARCH contains the host architecture, the architecture the
package is building for.
--debbuildopts [options]
List of options that are passed on to dpkg-buildpackage.
Multiple flags are additive and appended ot the any value given
in DEBBUILDOPTS as specified in pbuilderrc. To clear the list
of options, pass the empty string, e.g. --debbuildopts "".
Multiple options are delimited with spaces, like --debbuildopts
"-j100 -E"
--profiles [profile1[,profile2]]
Comma-separated list of build profiles to use during the build.
It overrides a possible DEB_BUILD_PROFILES environment variable
already defined.
--logfile [file to log]
Specifies the logfile to create. The messages generated during
execution will be written to the specified file, and the
standard output.
--loglevel I
Specify how much output you want from pbuilder, valid values are
E (errors only), W (errors and warnings), I (errors, warnings
and informational) and D (everything including some debug
messages).
--binary-arch
Specify to build only architecture specific targets instead of
all targets. This instructs pbuilder to respect only Build-
Depends, Build-Depends-Arch, Build-Conflicts, Build-Conflicts-
Arch source relationships, and calls dpkg-buildpackage with -B.
Setting --debbuildopts after this option will re-set some parts
of the effects.
Use this option rather than using --debbuildopts -B.
--binary-indep
Specify to build only architecture independent targets instead
of all targets. This instructs pbuilder to respect only Build-
Depends, Build-Depends-Indep, Build-Conflicts, Build-Conflicts-
Indep source relationships, and calls pkg-buildpackage with -A.
Setting --debbuildopts after this option will re-set some parts
of the effect.
Use this option rather than using --debbuildopts -A.
--bin-nmu [changelog message]
Specify to build a binary-NMU instead of a standard package.
This option takes the changelog message to pass to the binary-
NMU package as parameter.
--bin-nmu-maintainer [maintainer]
Specify the maintainer name and email address to be displayed in
the changes file. If no maintainer is provided, it defaults to
the last uploader.
--bin-nmu-version [version number]
Specify the number to append to the version in the binary-NMU
package. If no number is provided, it defaults to 1.
--bin-nmu-timestamp [timestamp]
Specify the timestamp to use in the generated chagnelog entry.
If no timestamp is provided, it defaults to current time. If
you want to specify the time as a number of seconds since
1970-01-01 00:00:00 UTC, prepend an at sign (@) like
@1478786376.
--bindmounts bind-mount-points
Bind-mount the specified directories to inside the chroot.
bind-mount-points is a space-delimited list of directories to
bind-mount which should be specified in a space-delimited
manner, surrounded in double quotations, like: "/srv /somedir
/someotherdir"
--debootstrapopts --variant=buildd --keyring
/usr/share/keyrings/debian-archive-keyring.gpg
Add extra command-line options to debootstrap.
Specify multiple options through multiple instance of this
option, for example:
--debootstrapopts --arch=arm --debootstrapopts --variant=buildd
--debootstrap debootstrap
Use specified debootstrap implementation as debootstrap. Known
implementations are cdebootstrap and debootstrap and default is
to use debootstrap.
--allow-untrusted
Allow untrusted (no key installed) and unsigned repositories.
Warning: Enabling this option may allow remote attackers to
compromise the system. Better use signed repositories and
--keyring to add the key(s).
--keyring path/to/keyring
Additional keyrings to use for package verification with apt,
not used for debootstrap (use --debootstrapopts). Use this to
add (local) signed repositories. By default the debian-archive-
keyring package inside the chroot is used. Can be specified
multiple times.
Keyrings are copied into /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d in the chroot.
APT supports it since version 0.7.25.1, firstly available in the
Debian release codenamed "squeeze" (released on 2011). For
older chroots, use a G hook to run apt-key manually.
--save-after-login
--save-after-exec
Save the chroot image after exiting from the chroot instead of
deleting changes. Effective for login and execute session.
--autocleanaptcache
Clean apt cache automatically, to run apt-get autoclean to only
keep the packages which are required for the version of Debian.
This is useful when you keep a aptcache directory for each
distribution and want to keep the size of the aptcache down.
--help
Show a brief help message.
MORE SPECIFIC OPTIONS
Some options are more involved to pbuilder internal than others. The
following options are available.
--removepackages [packages to remove]
Removes the packages on creating the base.tgz. Use this option
to remove potentially dangerous or undesirable packages, like
lilo which nobody will need to have inside a chroot.
Packages should be specified in a space-delimited manner,
surrounded in double quotations, like "lilo gcc mawk"
--extrapackages [packages to add]
Adds packages specified as an addition to the default, which is
build-essential by default. This is used in build and create
(after successfully creating the initial chroot) and update.
The packages should be specified as a space-delimited list.
--debemail [maintainer-name <email-address>]
Specifies that dpkg-buildpackage be called with -mmaintainer-
name <email-address> instead of default value specified in the
environment variable, or pbuilderrc
This option is almost obsolete, use --debbuildopts instead
--pkgname-logfile
Alternative option to --logfile option. Automatically creates a
logfile that is named by the .dsc file name, only really
applicable for build target.
The file extension is specified by PKGNAME_LOGFILE_EXTENSION in
pbuilderrc
--aptconfdir [APT configuration directory to use]
Uses the apt configuration file found in the specified directory
as the chroot configuration. /etc/apt is one example, so that
the same configuration can be used inside the chroot.
This option overrides other options, and may cause some
inconsistency problems.
--timeout [timeout in sleep time]
Time out building after sleeping set time. Specify something
like --timeout 10h in the command line. Default is no timeout.
--no-targz
Not using base.tgz for operation. The --buildplace will not be
deleted and reconstructed from a .tar.gz file. Also, pbuilder
will not add its process ID to the --buildplace as it usually
would.
Useful when experimenting with chroots, or trying to create
chroots outside control of pbuilder.
--compressprog
Program to use for compression of the base.tgz. The default is
to use gzip, and any program that can be used to compress data
using a pipe can be used.
If set to "pigz", compression and decompression is gzip
compatible but will use all available CPUs.
If set to "cat", there will be no compression at all (so
compression/decompression will be a lot faster but takes much
more space on the disk).
--twice
Build the package twice in a row. Useful to ensure the package
cleans up properly. The resulting packages are the ones from
the second build.
--preserve-buildplace
Do not clean the --buildplace if it has the same contents as the
.tar.gz file, and no modifications are done.
For preserving the build place for create and update targets,
see debug option.
As with --no-targz, suppresses appending pbuilder's process ID
to the --buildplace.
This is useful if you want to attempt to build a large number of
packages successively, but you expect that many of them cannot
have their build dependencies satisfied.
It will clean up the build place on failure, or after a
successful build.
--debug
Turn on Debug mode of pbuilder, to be verbose about errors, and
try to avoid cleanup processing when error happens in update and
create targets.
--inputfile filename
Add extra file to be copied to BUILDDIR inside the build
environment.
available in build and login and execute targets.
FILES
/etc/pbuilderrc
The system-wide configuration file for pbuilder.
/usr/share/pbuilder/pbuilderrc
The default settings for pbuilder, used as fallback for all
values that is not specified in /etc/pbuilderrc.
${HOME}/.pbuilderrc
The personal configuration file for pbuilder, which overrides
settings set in other configuration files.
Note that ${HOME} is usually /root (if you are running pbuilder
through sudo).
EXAMPLES
pbuilder create
# pbuilder create
Distribution is sid.
Building the build environment
-> running debootstrap
/usr/sbin/debootstrap
I: Retrieving Release
I: Retrieving Packages
I: Validating Packages
.
.
pbuilder update
# pbuilder update
W: /home/dancer/.pbuilderrc does not exist
Building the build Environment
-> extracting base tarball [/var/cache/pbuilder/base.tgz]
.
.
pbuilder build
# pbuilder build dsh_*.dsc
I: using fakeroot in build.
Current time: Sat Jan 20 12:03:34 JST 2007
pbuilder-time-stamp: 1169262214
Building the build Environment
-> extracting base tarball [/home/dancer/DEBIAN/pbuilder/pbuilder/testsuite/tmp.FeeAX18779/testimage]
-> creating local configuration
.
.
BUGS
This program is starting to have too many options already.
AUTHOR
Initial coding, and main maintenance is done by Junichi Uekawa <dancer@debian.org>. User hooks code added by Dale Amon <amon@vnl.com> The homepage is available at https://pbuilder.alioth.debian.org
SEE ALSO
/usr/share/doc/pbuilder/pbuilder-doc.html, pdebuild(1), pbuilderrc(5)
Opportunity
Personal Opportunity - Free software gives you access to billions of dollars of software at no cost. Use this software for your business, personal use or to develop a profitable skill. Access to source code provides access to a level of capabilities/information that companies protect though copyrights. Open source is a core component of the Internet and it is available to you. Leverage the billions of dollars in resources and capabilities to build a career, establish a business or change the world. The potential is endless for those who understand the opportunity.
Business Opportunity - Goldman Sachs, IBM and countless large corporations are leveraging open source to reduce costs, develop products and increase their bottom lines. Learn what these companies know about open source and how open source can give you the advantage.
Free Software
Free Software provides computer programs and capabilities at no cost but more importantly, it provides the freedom to run, edit, contribute to, and share the software. The importance of free software is a matter of access, not price. Software at no cost is a benefit but ownership rights to the software and source code is far more significant.
Free Office Software - The Libre Office suite provides top desktop productivity tools for free. This includes, a word processor, spreadsheet, presentation engine, drawing and flowcharting, database and math applications. Libre Office is available for Linux or Windows.
Free Books
The Free Books Library is a collection of thousands of the most popular public domain books in an online readable format. The collection includes great classical literature and more recent works where the U.S. copyright has expired. These books are yours to read and use without restrictions.
Source Code - Want to change a program or know how it works? Open Source provides the source code for its programs so that anyone can use, modify or learn how to write those programs themselves. Visit the GNU source code repositories to download the source.
Education
Study at Harvard, Stanford or MIT - Open edX provides free online courses from Harvard, MIT, Columbia, UC Berkeley and other top Universities. Hundreds of courses for almost all major subjects and course levels. Open edx also offers some paid courses and selected certifications.
Linux Manual Pages - A man or manual page is a form of software documentation found on Linux/Unix operating systems. Topics covered include computer programs (including library and system calls), formal standards and conventions, and even abstract concepts.
