NetworkManager.conf(5)
NAME
NetworkManager.conf - NetworkManager configuration file
SYNOPSIS
/etc/NetworkManager/NetworkManager.conf, /etc/NetworkManager/conf.d/name.conf, /usr/lib/NetworkManager/conf.d/name.conf, /var/lib/NetworkManager/NetworkManager-intern.conf
DESCRIPTION
NetworkManager.conf is the configuration file for NetworkManager. It is used to set up various aspects of NetworkManager's behavior. The location of the main file and configuration directories may be changed through use of the --config, --config-dir, --system-config-dir, and --intern-config argument for NetworkManager, respectively. If a default NetworkManager.conf is provided by your distribution's packages, you should not modify it, since your changes may get overwritten by package updates. Instead, you can add additional .conf files to the /etc/NetworkManager/conf.d directory. These will be read in order, with later files overriding earlier ones. Packages might install further configuration snippets to /usr/lib/NetworkManager/conf.d. This directory is parsed first, even before NetworkManager.conf. The loading of a file /usr/lib/NetworkManager/conf.d/name.conf can be prevented by adding a file /etc/NetworkManager/conf.d/name.conf. In this case, the file from the etc configuration shadows the file from the system configuration directory. NetworkManager can overwrite certain user configuration options via D-Bus or other internal operations. In this case it writes those changes to /var/lib/NetworkManager/NetworkManager-intern.conf. This file is not intended to be modified by the user, but it is read last and can shadow user configuration from NetworkManager.conf. Certain settings from the configuration can be reloaded at runtime either by sending SIGHUP signal or via D-Bus' Reload call.
FILE FORMAT
The configuration file format is so-called key file (sort of ini-style
format). It consists of sections (groups) of key-value pairs. Lines
beginning with a '#' and blank lines are considered comments. Sections
are started by a header line containing the section enclosed in '[' and
']', and ended implicitly by the start of the next section or the end
of the file. Each key-value pair must be contained in a section.
For keys that take a list of devices as their value, you can specify
devices by their MAC addresses or interface names, or "*" to specify
all devices. See the section called "Device List Format" below.
Minimal system settings configuration file looks like this:
[main]
plugins=keyfile
As an extension to the normal keyfile format, you can also append a
value to a previously-set list-valued key by doing:
plugins+=another-plugin
plugins-=remove-me
MAIN SECTION
plugins
Lists system settings plugin names separated by ','. These plugins
are used to read and write system-wide connections. When multiple
plugins are specified, the connections are read from all listed
plugins. When writing connections, the plugins will be asked to
save the connection in the order listed here; if the first plugin
cannot write out that connection type (or can't write out any
connections) the next plugin is tried, etc. If none of the plugins
can save the connection, an error is returned to the user.
If NetworkManager defines a distro-specific network-configuration
plugin for your system, then that will normally be listed here.
(See below for the available plugins.) Note that the keyfile plugin
is always appended to the end of this list (if it doesn't already
appear earlier in the list), so if there is no distro-specific
plugin for your system then you can leave this key unset and
NetworkManager will fall back to using keyfile.
monitor-connection-files
Whether the configured settings plugin(s) should set up file
monitors and immediately pick up changes made to connection files
while NetworkManager is running. This is disabled by default;
NetworkManager will only read the connection files at startup, and
when explicitly requested via the ReloadConnections D-Bus call. If
this key is set to 'true', then NetworkManager will reload
connection files any time they changed. Automatic reloading is not
advised because there are race conditions involved and it depends
on the way how the editor updates the file. In some situations,
NetworkManager might first delete and add the connection anew,
instead of updating the existing one. Also, NetworkManager might
pick up incomplete settings while the user is still editing the
files.
auth-polkit
Whether the system uses PolicyKit for authorization. If false, all
requests will be allowed. If true, non-root requests are authorized
using PolicyKit. The default value is true.
dhcp
This key sets up what DHCP client NetworkManager will use. Allowed
values are dhclient, dhcpcd, and internal. The dhclient and dhcpcd
options require the indicated clients to be installed. The internal
option uses a built-in DHCP client which is not currently as
featureful as the external clients.
If this key is missing, available DHCP clients are looked for in
this order: dhclient, dhcpcd, internal.
no-auto-default
Specify devices for which NetworkManager shouldn't create default
wired connection (Auto eth0). By default, NetworkManager creates a
temporary wired connection for any Ethernet device that is managed
and doesn't have a connection configured. List a device in this
option to inhibit creating the default connection for the device.
May have the special value * to apply to all devices.
When the default wired connection is deleted or saved to a new
persistent connection by a plugin, the device is added to a list in
the file /var/run/NetworkManager/no-auto-default.state to prevent
creating the default connection for that device again.
See the section called "Device List Format" for the syntax how to
specify a device.
Example:
no-auto-default=00:22:68:5c:5d:c4,00:1e:65:ff:aa:ee
no-auto-default=eth0,eth1
no-auto-default=*
ignore-carrier
This setting is deprecated for the per-device setting
ignore-carrier which overwrites this setting if specified (See
???). Otherwise, it is a list of matches to specify for which
device carrier should be ignored. See the section called "Device
List Format" for the syntax how to specify a device.
assume-ipv6ll-only
Specify devices for which NetworkManager will try to generate a
connection based on initial configuration when the device only has
an IPv6 link-local address.
See the section called "Device List Format" for the syntax how to
specify a device.
configure-and-quit
When set to 'true', NetworkManager quits after performing initial
network configuration but spawns small helpers to preserve DHCP
leases and IPv6 addresses. This is useful in environments where
network setup is more or less static or it is desirable to save
process time but still handle some dynamic configurations. When
this option is true, network configuration for WiFi, WWAN,
Bluetooth, ADSL, and PPPoE interfaces cannot be preserved due to
their use of external services, and these devices will be
deconfigured when NetworkManager quits even though other
interface's configuration may be preserved. Also, to preserve DHCP
addresses the 'dhcp' option must be set to 'internal'. The default
value of the 'configure-and-quit' option is 'false', meaning that
NetworkManager will continue running after initial network
configuration and continue responding to system and hardware
events, D-Bus requests, and user commands.
dns
Set the DNS (resolv.conf) processing mode.
default: NetworkManager will update resolv.conf to reflect the
nameservers provided by currently active connections. This is the
default if the key is not specified, unless the system is
configured to use systemd-resolved; in this case the default is
systemd-resolved
dnsmasq: NetworkManager will run dnsmasq as a local caching
nameserver, using a "split DNS" configuration if you are connected
to a VPN, and then update resolv.conf to point to the local
nameserver.
unbound: NetworkManager will talk to unbound and dnssec-triggerd,
providing a "split DNS" configuration with DNSSEC support. The
/etc/resolv.conf will be managed by dnssec-trigger daemon.
systemd-resolved: NetworkManager will push the DNS configuration to
systemd-resolved
none: NetworkManager will not modify resolv.conf. This implies
rc-manager unmanaged
rc-manager
Set the resolv.conf management mode. The default value depends on
NetworkManager build options, and this version of NetworkManager
was build with a default of "symlink". Regardless of this setting,
NetworkManager will always write resolv.conf to its runtime state
directory.
symlink: NetworkManager will symlink /etc/resolv.conf to its
private resolv.conf file in the runtime state directory. If
/etc/resolv.conf already is a symlink pointing to a different
location, the file will not be modified. This allows the user to
disable managing by pointing the link /etc/resolv.conf to somewhere
else.
file: NetworkManager will write /etc/resolv.conf as file. If it
finds a symlink, it will follow the symlink and update the target
instead.
resolvconf: NetworkManager will run resolvconf to update the DNS
configuration.
netconfig: NetworkManager will run netconfig to update the DNS
configuration.
unmanaged: don't touch /etc/resolv.conf.
none: deprecated alias for symlink.
debug
Comma separated list of options to aid debugging. This value will
be combined with the environment variable NM_DEBUG. Currently the
following values are supported:
RLIMIT_CORE: set ulimit -c unlimited to write out core dumps.
Beware, that a core dump can contain sensitive information such as
passwords or configuration settings.
fatal-warnings: set g_log_set_always_fatal() to core dump on
warning messages from glib. This is equivalent to the
--g-fatal-warnings command line option.
KEYFILE SECTION
This section contains keyfile-plugin-specific options, and is normally
only used when you are not using any other distro-specific plugin.
hostname
This key is deprecated and has no effect since the hostname is now
stored in /etc/hostname or other system configuration files
according to build options.
path
The location where keyfiles are read and stored. This defaults to
"/etc/NetworkManager/conf.d".
unmanaged-devices
Set devices that should be ignored by NetworkManager.
See the section called "Device List Format" for the syntax how to
specify a device.
Example:
unmanaged-devices=interface-name:em4
unmanaged-devices=mac:00:22:68:1c:59:b1;mac:00:1E:65:30:D1:C4;interface-name:eth2
IFUPDOWN SECTION
This section contains ifupdown-specific options and thus only has
effect when using the ifupdown plugin.
managed
If set to true, then interfaces listed in /etc/network/interfaces
are managed by NetworkManager. If set to false, then any interface
listed in /etc/network/interfaces will be ignored by
NetworkManager. Remember that NetworkManager controls the default
route, so because the interface is ignored, NetworkManager may
assign the default route to some other interface.
The default value is false.
LOGGING SECTION
This section controls NetworkManager's logging. Any settings here are
overridden by the --log-level and --log-domains command-line options.
level
The default logging verbosity level. One of OFF, ERR, WARN, INFO,
DEBUG, TRACE. The ERR level logs only critical errors. WARN logs
warnings that may reflect operation. INFO logs various
informational messages that are useful for tracking state and
operations. DEBUG enables verbose logging for debugging purposes.
TRACE enables even more verbose logging then DEBUG level.
Subsequent levels also log all messages from earlier levels; thus
setting the log level to INFO also logs error and warning messages.
domains
The following log domains are available: PLATFORM, RFKILL, ETHER,
WIFI, BT, MB, DHCP4, DHCP6, PPP, WIFI_SCAN, IP4, IP6, AUTOIP4, DNS,
VPN, SHARING, SUPPLICANT, AGENTS, SETTINGS, SUSPEND, CORE, DEVICE,
OLPC, WIMAX, INFINIBAND, FIREWALL, ADSL, BOND, VLAN, BRIDGE,
DBUS_PROPS, TEAM, CONCHECK, DCB, DISPATCH, AUDIT, SYSTEMD,
VPN_PLUGIN.
In addition, these special domains can be used: NONE, ALL, DEFAULT,
DHCP, IP.
You can specify per-domain log level overrides by adding a colon
and a log level to any domain. E.g., "WIFI:DEBUG,WIFI_SCAN:OFF".
Domain descriptions:
PLATFORM : OS (platform) operations
RFKILL : RFKill subsystem operations
ETHER : Ethernet device operations
WIFI : Wi-Fi device operations
BT : Bluetooth operations
MB : Mobile broadband operations
DHCP4 : DHCP for IPv4
DHCP6 : DHCP for IPv6
PPP : Point-to-point protocol operations
WIFI_SCAN : Wi-Fi scanning operations
IP4 : IPv4-related operations
IP6 : IPv6-related operations
AUTOIP4 : AutoIP operations
DNS : Domain Name System related operations
VPN : Virtual Private Network connections and
operations
SHARING : Connection sharing
SUPPLICANT : WPA supplicant related operations
AGENTS : Secret agents operations and communication
SETTINGS : Settings/config service operations
SUSPEND : Suspend/resume
CORE : Core daemon and policy operations
DEVICE : Activation and general interface operations
OLPC : OLPC Mesh device operations
WIMAX : WiMAX device operations
INFINIBAND : InfiniBand device operations
FIREWALL : FirewallD related operations
ADSL : ADSL device operations
BOND : Bonding operations
VLAN : VLAN operations
BRIDGE : Bridging operations
DBUS_PROPS : D-Bus property changes
TEAM : Teaming operations
CONCHECK : Connectivity check
DCB : Data Center Bridging (DCB) operations
DISPATCH : Dispatcher scripts
AUDIT : Audit records
SYSTEMD : Messages from internal libsystemd
VPN_PLUGIN : logging messages from VPN plugins
NONE : when given by itself logging is disabled
ALL : all log domains
DEFAULT : default log domains
DHCP : shortcut for "DHCP4,DHCP6"
IP : shortcut for "IP4,IP6"
HW : deprecated alias for "PLATFORM"
In general, the logfile should not contain passwords or private
data. However, you are always advised to check the file before
posting it online or attaching to a bug report. VPN_PLUGIN is
special as it might reveal private information of the VPN plugins
with verbose levels. Therefore this domain will be excluded when
setting ALL or DEFAULT to more verbose levels then INFO.
backend
The logging backend. Supported values are "debug", "syslog",
"journal". "debug" uses syslog and logs to standard error. If
NetworkManager is started in debug mode (--debug) this option is
ignored and "debug" is always used. Otherwise, the default is
"journal".
audit
Whether the audit records are delivered to auditd, the audit
daemon. If false, audit records will be sent only to the
NetworkManager logging system. If set to true, they will be also
sent to auditd. The default value is false.
CONNECTION SECTION
Specify default values for connections.
Example:
[connection]
ipv6.ip6-privacy=0
Supported Properties
Not all properties can be overwritten, only the following properties
are supported to have their default values configured (see nm-
settings(5) for details). A default value is only consulted if the
corresponding per-connection value explicitly allows for that.
connection.autoconnect-slaves
connection.lldp
ethernet.cloned-mac-address
If left unspecified, it defaults to "permanent".
ethernet.generate-mac-address-mask
ethernet.wake-on-lan
ipv4.dad-timeout
ipv4.dhcp-timeout
If left unspecified, the default value for the interface type is
used.
ipv4.route-metric
ipv6.ip6-privacy
If ipv6.ip6-privacy is unset, use the content of
"/proc/sys/net/ipv6/conf/default/use_tempaddr" as last fallback.
ipv6.route-metric
vpn.timeout
If left unspecified, default value of 60 seconds is used.
wifi.cloned-mac-address
If left unspecified, it defaults to "permanent".
wifi.generate-mac-address-mask
wifi.mac-address-randomization
If left unspecified, MAC address randomization is disabled. This
setting is deprecated for wifi.cloned-mac-address.
wifi.powersave
If left unspecified, the default value "ignore" will be used.
Sections
You can configure multiple connection sections, by having different
sections with a name that all start with "connection". Example:
[connection]
ipv6.ip6-privacy=0
connection.autoconnect-slaves=1
vpn.timeout=120
[connection-wifi-wlan0]
match-device=interface-name:wlan0
ipv4.route-metric=50
[connection-wifi-other]
match-device=type:wifi
ipv4.route-metric=55
ipv6.ip6-privacy=1
The sections within one file are considered in order of appearance,
with the exception that the [connection] section is always considered
last. In the example above, this order is [connection-wifi-wlan0],
[connection-wlan-other], and [connection]. When checking for a default
configuration value, the sections are searched until the requested
value is found. In the example above, "ipv4.route-metric" for wlan0
interface is set to 50, and for all other Wi-Fi typed interfaces to 55.
Also, Wi-Fi devices would have IPv6 private addresses enabled by
default, but other devices would have it disabled. Note that also
"wlan0" gets "ipv6.ip6-privacy=1", because although the section
"[connection-wifi-wlan0]" matches the device, it does not contain that
property and the search continues.
When having different sections in multiple files, sections from files
that are read later have higher priority. So within one file the
priority of the sections is top-to-bottom. Across multiple files later
definitions take precedence.
The following properties further control how a connection section
applies.
match-device
An optional device spec that restricts when the section applies.
See the section called "Device List Format" for the possible
values.
stop-match
An optional boolean value which defaults to no. If the section
matches (based on match-device), further sections will not be
considered even if the property in question is not present. In the
example above, if [connection-wifi-wlan0] would have stop-match set
to yes, the device wlan0 would have ipv6.ip6-privacy property
unspecified. That is, the search for the property would not
continue in the connection sections [connection-wifi-other] or
[connection].
DEVICE SECTION
Contains per-device persistent configuration.
Example:
[device]
match-device=interface-name:eth3
unmanaged=1
Supported Properties
The following properties can be configured per-device.
ignore-carrier
Specify devices for which NetworkManager will (partially) ignore
the carrier state. Normally, for device types that support
carrier-detect, such as Ethernet and InfiniBand, NetworkManager
will only allow a connection to be activated on the device if
carrier is present (ie, a cable is plugged in), and it will
deactivate the device if carrier drops for more than a few seconds.
A device with carrier ignored will allow activating connections on
that device even when it does not have carrier, provided that the
connection uses only statically-configured IP addresses.
Additionally, it will allow any active connection (whether static
or dynamic) to remain active on the device when carrier is lost.
Note that the "carrier" property of NMDevices and device D-Bus
interfaces will still reflect the actual device state; it's just
that NetworkManager will not make use of that information.
This setting overwrites the deprecated main.ignore-carrier setting
above.
wifi.scan-rand-mac-address
Configures MAC address randomization of a Wi-Fi device during
scanning. This defaults to yes in which case a random,
locally-administered MAC address will be used. The setting
wifi.scan-generate-mac-address-mask allows to influence the
generated MAC address to use certain vendor OUIs. If disabled, the
MAC address during scanning is left unchanged to whatever is
configured. For the configured MAC address while the device is
associated, see instead the per-connection setting
wifi.cloned-mac-address.
wifi.scan-generate-mac-address-mask
Like the per-connection settings ethernet.generate-mac-address-mask
and wifi.generate-mac-address-mask, this allows to configure the
generated MAC addresses during scanning. See nm-settings(5) for
details.
Sections
The [device] section works the same as the [connection] section. That
is, multiple sections that all start with the prefix "device" can be
specified. The settings "match-device" and "stop-match" are available
to match a device section on a device. The order of multiple sections
is also top-down within the file and later files overwrite previous
settings. See the section called "Sections" for details.
CONNECTIVITY SECTION
This section controls NetworkManager's optional connectivity checking
functionality. This allows NetworkManager to detect whether or not the
system can actually access the internet or whether it is behind a
captive portal.
uri
The URI of a web page to periodically request when connectivity is
being checked. This page should return the header
"X-NetworkManager-Status" with a value of "online". Alternatively,
it's body content should be set to "NetworkManager is online". The
body content check can be controlled by the response option. If
this option is blank or missing, connectivity checking is disabled.
interval
Specified in seconds; controls how often connectivity is checked
when a network connection exists. If set to 0 connectivity checking
is disabled. If missing, the default is 300 seconds.
response
If set controls what body content NetworkManager checks for when
requesting the URI for connectivity checking. If missing, defaults
to "NetworkManager is online"
GLOBAL-DNS SECTION
This section specifies global DNS settings that override
connection-specific configuration.
searches
A list of search domains to be used during hostname lookup.
options
A list of of options to be passed to the hostname resolver.
GLOBAL-DNS-DOMAIN SECTIONS
Sections with a name starting with the "global-dns-domain-" prefix
allow to define global DNS configuration for specific domains. The part
of section name after "global-dns-domain-" specifies the domain name a
section applies to. More specific domains have the precedence over less
specific ones and the default domain is represented by the wildcard
"*". A default domain section is mandatory.
servers
A list of addresses of DNS servers to be used for the given domain.
options
A list of domain-specific DNS options. Not used at the moment.
.CONFIG SECTIONS
This is a special section that contains options which apply to the
configuration file that contains the option.
enable
Defaults to "true". If "false", the configuration file will be
skipped during loading. Note that the main configuration file
NetworkManager.conf cannot be disabled.
# always skip loading the config file
[.config]
enable=false
You can also match against the version of NetworkManager. For
example the following are valid configurations:
# only load on version 1.0.6
[.config]
enable=nm-version:1.0.6
# load on all versions 1.0.x, but not 1.2.x
[.config]
enable=nm-version:1.0
# only load on versions >= 1.1.6. This does not match
# with version 1.2.0 or 1.4.4. Only the last digit is considered.
[.config]
enable=nm-version-min:1.1.6
# only load on versions >= 1.2. Contrary to the previous
# example, this also matches with 1.2.0, 1.2.10, 1.4.4, etc.
[.config]
enable=nm-version-min:1.2
# Match against the maximum allowed version. The example matches
# versions 1.2.0, 1.2.2, 1.2.4. Again, only the last version digit
# is allowed to be smaller. So this would not match match on 1.1.10.
[.config]
enable=nm-version-max:1.2.6
You can also match against the value of the environment variable
NM_CONFIG_ENABLE_TAG, like:
# always skip loading the file when running NetworkManager with
# environment variable "NM_CONFIG_ENABLE_TAG=TAG1"
[.config]
enable=env:TAG1
More then one match can be specified. The configuration will be
enabled if one of the predicates matches ("or"). The special prefix
"except:" can be used to negate the match. Note that if one
except-predicate matches, the entire configuration will be
disabled. In other words, a except predicate always wins over other
predicates.
# enable the configuration either when the environment variable
# is present or the version is at least 1.2.0.
[.config]
enable=env:TAG2,nm-version-min:1.2
# enable the configuration for version >= 1.2.0, but disable
# it when the environment variable is set to "TAG3"
[.config]
enable=except:env:TAG3,nm-version-min:1.2
# enable the configuration on >= 1.3, >= 1.2.6, and >= 1.0.16.
# Useful if a certain feature is only present since those releases.
[.config]
enable=nm-version-min:1.3,nm-version-min:1.2.6,nm-version-min:1.0.16
PLUGINS
keyfile
The keyfile plugin is the generic plugin that supports all the
connection types and capabilities that NetworkManager has. It
writes files out in an .ini-style format in
/etc/NetworkManager/system-connections.
The stored connection file may contain passwords and private keys,
so it will be made readable only to root, and the plugin will
ignore files that are readable or writable by any user or group
other than root.
This plugin is always active, and will automatically be used to
store any connections that aren't supported by any other active
plugin.
ifcfg-rh
This plugin is used on the Fedora and Red Hat Enterprise Linux
distributions to read and write configuration from the standard
/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-* files. It currently supports
reading Ethernet, Wi-Fi, InfiniBand, VLAN, Bond, Bridge, and Team
connections. Enabling ifcfg-rh implicitly enables ibft plugin, if
it is available. This can be disabled by adding no-ibft.
ifcfg-suse
This plugin is deprecated and its selection has no effect. The
keyfile plugin should be used instead.
ifupdown
This plugin is used on the Debian and Ubuntu distributions, and
reads Ethernet and Wi-Fi connections from /etc/network/interfaces.
This plugin is read-only; any connections (of any type) added from
within NetworkManager when you are using this plugin will be saved
using the keyfile plugin instead.
ibft, no-ibft
This plugin allows to read iBFT configuration (iSCSI Boot Firmware
Table). The configuration is read using /sbin/iscsiadm. Users are
expected to configure iBFT connections via the firmware interfaces.
If ibft support is available, it is automatically enabled after
ifcfg-rh. This can be disabled by no-ibft. You can also explicitly
specify ibft to load the plugin without ifcfg-rh or to change the
plugin order.
Note that ibft plugin uses /sbin/iscsiadm and thus requires
CAP_SYS_ADMIN capability.
APPENDIX
Device List Format
The configuration options main.no-auto-default, main.ignore-carrier,
keyfile.unmanaged-devices, connection*.match-device and
device*.match-device select devices based on a list of matchings.
Devices can be specified using the following format:
*
Matches every device.
IFNAME
Case sensitive match of interface name of the device. Globbing is
not supported.
HWADDR
Match the permanent MAC address of the device. Globbing is not
supported
interface-name:IFNAME, interface-name:~IFNAME
Case sensitive match of interface name of the device. Simple
globbing is supported with * and ?. Ranges and escaping is not
supported.
interface-name:=IFNAME
Case sensitive match of interface name of the device. Globbing is
disabled and IFNAME is taken literally.
mac:HWADDR
Match the permanent MAC address of the device. Globbing is not
supported
s390-subchannels:HWADDR
Match the device based on the subchannel address. Globbing is not
supported
type:TYPE
Match the device type. Valid type names are as reported by "nmcli
-f GENERAL.TYPE device show". Globbing is not supported.
except:SPEC
Negative match of a device. SPEC must be explicitly qualified with
a prefix such as interface-name:. A negative match has higher
priority then the positive matches above.
SPEC[,;]SPEC
Multiple specs can be concatenated with commas or semicolons. The
order does not matter as matches are either inclusive or negative
(except:), with negative matches having higher priority.
Backslash is supported to escape the separators ';' and ',', and to
express special characters such as newline ('\n'), tabulator
('\t'), whitespace ('\s') and backslash ('\\'). The globbing of
interface names cannot be escaped. Whitespace is not a separator
but will be trimmed between two specs (unless escaped as '\s').
Example:
interface-name:em4
mac:00:22:68:1c:59:b1;mac:00:1E:65:30:D1:C4;interface-name:eth2
interface-name:vboxnet*,except:interface-name:vboxnet2
*,except:mac:00:22:68:1c:59:b1
SEE ALSO
NetworkManager(8), nmcli(1), nmcli-examples(7), nm-online(1), nm- settings(5), nm-applet(1), nm-connection-editor(1)
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Free Books
The Free Books Library is a collection of thousands of the most popular public domain books in an online readable format. The collection includes great classical literature and more recent works where the U.S. copyright has expired. These books are yours to read and use without restrictions.
Source Code - Want to change a program or know how it works? Open Source provides the source code for its programs so that anyone can use, modify or learn how to write those programs themselves. Visit the GNU source code repositories to download the source.
Education
Study at Harvard, Stanford or MIT - Open edX provides free online courses from Harvard, MIT, Columbia, UC Berkeley and other top Universities. Hundreds of courses for almost all major subjects and course levels. Open edx also offers some paid courses and selected certifications.
Linux Manual Pages - A man or manual page is a form of software documentation found on Linux/Unix operating systems. Topics covered include computer programs (including library and system calls), formal standards and conventions, and even abstract concepts.
