cciss(4)
NAME
cciss - HP Smart Array block driver
SYNOPSIS
modprobe cciss [ cciss_allow_hpsa=1 ]
DESCRIPTION
cciss is a block driver for older HP Smart Array RAID controllers. Options cciss_allow_hpsa=1: This option prevents the cciss driver from attempting to drive any controllers that the hpsa(4) driver is capable of controlling, which is to say, the cciss driver is restricted by this option to the following controllers: Smart Array 5300 Smart Array 5i Smart Array 532 Smart Array 5312 Smart Array 641 Smart Array 642 Smart Array 6400 Smart Array 6400 EM Smart Array 6i Smart Array P600 Smart Array P400i Smart Array E200i Smart Array E200 Smart Array E200i Smart Array E200i Smart Array E200i Smart Array E500 Supported hardware The cciss driver supports the following Smart Array boards: Smart Array 5300 Smart Array 5i Smart Array 532 Smart Array 5312 Smart Array 641 Smart Array 642 Smart Array 6400 Smart Array 6400 U320 Expansion Module Smart Array 6i Smart Array P600 Smart Array P800 Smart Array E400 Smart Array P400i Smart Array E200 Smart Array E200i Smart Array E500 Smart Array P700m Smart Array P212 Smart Array P410 Smart Array P410i Smart Array P411 Smart Array P812 Smart Array P712m Smart Array P711m Configuration details To configure HP Smart Array controllers, use the HP Array Configuration Utility (either hpacuxe(8) or hpacucli(8)) or the Offline ROM-based Configuration Utility (ORCA) run from the Smart Array's option ROM at boot time.
FILES
Device nodes
The device naming scheme is as follows:
Major numbers:
104 cciss0
105 cciss1
106 cciss2
105 cciss3
108 cciss4
109 cciss5
110 cciss6
111 cciss7
Minor numbers:
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
|----+----| |----+----|
| |
| +-------- Partition ID (0=wholedev, 1-15 partition)
|
+-------------------- Logical Volume number
The device naming scheme is:
/dev/cciss/c0d0 Controller 0, disk 0, whole device
/dev/cciss/c0d0p1 Controller 0, disk 0, partition 1
/dev/cciss/c0d0p2 Controller 0, disk 0, partition 2
/dev/cciss/c0d0p3 Controller 0, disk 0, partition 3
/dev/cciss/c1d1 Controller 1, disk 1, whole device
/dev/cciss/c1d1p1 Controller 1, disk 1, partition 1
/dev/cciss/c1d1p2 Controller 1, disk 1, partition 2
/dev/cciss/c1d1p3 Controller 1, disk 1, partition 3
Files in /proc
The files /proc/driver/cciss/cciss[0-9]+ contain information about the
configuration of each controller. For example:
$ cd /proc/driver/cciss
$ ls -l
total 0
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 2010-09-10 10:38 cciss0
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 2010-09-10 10:38 cciss1
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 2010-09-10 10:38 cciss2
$ cat cciss2
cciss2: HP Smart Array P800 Controller
Board ID: 0x3223103c
Firmware Version: 7.14
IRQ: 16
Logical drives: 1
Current Q depth: 0
Current # commands on controller: 0
Max Q depth since init: 1
Max # commands on controller since init: 2
Max SG entries since init: 32
Sequential access devices: 0
cciss/c2d0: 36.38GB RAID 0
Files in /sys
/sys/bus/pci/devices/<dev>/ccissX/cXdY/model
Displays the SCSI INQUIRY page 0 model for logical drive Y of
controller X.
/sys/bus/pci/devices/<dev>/ccissX/cXdY/rev
Displays the SCSI INQUIRY page 0 revision for logical drive Y of
controller X.
/sys/bus/pci/devices/<dev>/ccissX/cXdY/unique_id
Displays the SCSI INQUIRY page 83 serial number for logical
drive Y of controller X.
/sys/bus/pci/devices/<dev>/ccissX/cXdY/vendor
Displays the SCSI INQUIRY page 0 vendor for logical drive Y of
controller X.
/sys/bus/pci/devices/<dev>/ccissX/cXdY/block:cciss!cXdY
A symbolic link to /sys/block/cciss!cXdY.
/sys/bus/pci/devices/<dev>/ccissX/rescan
When this file is written to, the driver rescans the controller
to discover any new, removed, or modified logical drives.
/sys/bus/pci/devices/<dev>/ccissX/resettable
A value of 1 displayed in this file indicates that the
"reset_devices=1" kernel parameter (used by kdump) is honored by
this controller. A value of 0 indicates that the
"reset_devices=1" kernel parameter will not be honored. Some
models of Smart Array are not able to honor this parameter.
/sys/bus/pci/devices/<dev>/ccissX/cXdY/lunid
Displays the 8-byte LUN ID used to address logical drive Y of
controller X.
/sys/bus/pci/devices/<dev>/ccissX/cXdY/raid_level
Displays the RAID level of logical drive Y of controller X.
/sys/bus/pci/devices/<dev>/ccissX/cXdY/usage_count
Displays the usage count (number of opens) of logical drive Y of
controller X.
SCSI tape drive and medium changer support
SCSI sequential access devices and medium changer devices are supported
and appropriate device nodes are automatically created (e.g., /dev/st0,
/dev/st1, etc.; see st(4) for more details.) You must enable "SCSI
tape drive support for Smart Array 5xxx" and "SCSI support" in your
kernel configuration to be able to use SCSI tape drives with your Smart
Array 5xxx controller.
Additionally, note that the driver will not engage the SCSI core at
init time. The driver must be directed to dynamically engage the SCSI
core via the /proc filesystem entry, which the "block" side of the
driver creates as /proc/driver/cciss/cciss* at run time. This is
because at driver init time, the SCSI core may not yet be initialized
(because the driver is a block driver) and attempting to register it
with the SCSI core in such a case would cause a hang. This is best
done via an initialization script (typically in /etc/init.d, but could
vary depending on distribution). For example:
for x in /proc/driver/cciss/cciss[0-9]*
do
echo "engage scsi" > $x
done
Once the SCSI core is engaged by the driver, it cannot be disengaged
(except by unloading the driver, if it happens to be linked as a
module.)
Note also that if no sequential access devices or medium changers are
detected, the SCSI core will not be engaged by the action of the above
script.
Hot plug support for SCSI tape drives
Hot plugging of SCSI tape drives is supported, with some caveats. The
cciss driver must be informed that changes to the SCSI bus have been
made. This may be done via the /proc filesystem. For example:
echo "rescan" > /proc/scsi/cciss0/1
This causes the driver to:
1. query the adapter about changes to the physical SCSI buses
and/or fibre channel arbitrated loop, and
2. make note of any new or removed sequential access devices or
medium changers.
The driver will output messages indicating which devices have been
added or removed and the controller, bus, target, and lun used to
address each device. The driver then notifies the SCSI midlayer of
these changes.
Note that the naming convention of the /proc filesystem entries
contains a number in addition to the driver name (e.g., "cciss0"
instead of just "cciss", which you might expect).
Note: Only sequential access devices and medium changers are presented
as SCSI devices to the SCSI midlayer by the cciss driver.
Specifically, physical SCSI disk drives are not presented to the SCSI
midlayer. The only disk devices that are presented to the kernel are
logical drives that the array controller constructs from regions on the
physical drives. The logical drives are presented to the block layer
(not to the SCSI midlayer). It is important for the driver to prevent
the kernel from accessing the physical drives directly, since these
drives are used by the array controller to construct the logical
drives.
SCSI error handling for tape drives and medium changers
The Linux SCSI midlayer provides an error-handling protocol that is
initiated whenever a SCSI command fails to complete within a certain
amount of time (which can vary depending on the command). The cciss
driver participates in this protocol to some extent. The normal
protocol is a four-step process:
* First, the device is told to abort the command.
* If that doesn't work, the device is reset.
* If that doesn't work, the SCSI bus is reset.
* If that doesn't work, the host bus adapter is reset.
The cciss driver is a block driver as well as a SCSI driver and only
the tape drives and medium changers are presented to the SCSI midlayer.
Furthermore, unlike more straightforward SCSI drivers, disk I/O
continues through the block side during the SCSI error-recovery
process. Therefore, the cciss driver implements only the first two of
these actions, aborting the command, and resetting the device. Note
also that most tape drives will not oblige in aborting commands, and
sometimes it appears they will not even obey a reset command, though in
most circumstances they will. If the command cannot be aborted and the
device cannot be reset, the device will be set offline.
In the event that the error-handling code is triggered and a tape drive
is successfully reset or the tardy command is successfully aborted, the
tape drive may still not allow I/O to continue until some command is
issued that positions the tape to a known position. Typically you must
rewind the tape (by issuing mt -f /dev/st0 rewind for example) before
I/O can proceed again to a tape drive that was reset.
SEE ALSO
hpsa(4), cciss_vol_status(8), hpacucli(8), hpacuxe(8) http://cciss.sf.net, and Documentation/blockdev/cciss.txt and Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-bus-pci-devices-cciss in the Linux kernel source tree
COLOPHON
This page is part of release 4.09 of the Linux man-pages project. A description of the project, information about reporting bugs, and the latest version of this page, can be found at https://www.kernel.org/doc/man-pages/.
Opportunity
Personal Opportunity - Free software gives you access to billions of dollars of software at no cost. Use this software for your business, personal use or to develop a profitable skill. Access to source code provides access to a level of capabilities/information that companies protect though copyrights. Open source is a core component of the Internet and it is available to you. Leverage the billions of dollars in resources and capabilities to build a career, establish a business or change the world. The potential is endless for those who understand the opportunity.
Business Opportunity - Goldman Sachs, IBM and countless large corporations are leveraging open source to reduce costs, develop products and increase their bottom lines. Learn what these companies know about open source and how open source can give you the advantage.
Free Software
Free Software provides computer programs and capabilities at no cost but more importantly, it provides the freedom to run, edit, contribute to, and share the software. The importance of free software is a matter of access, not price. Software at no cost is a benefit but ownership rights to the software and source code is far more significant.
Free Office Software - The Libre Office suite provides top desktop productivity tools for free. This includes, a word processor, spreadsheet, presentation engine, drawing and flowcharting, database and math applications. Libre Office is available for Linux or Windows.
Free Books
The Free Books Library is a collection of thousands of the most popular public domain books in an online readable format. The collection includes great classical literature and more recent works where the U.S. copyright has expired. These books are yours to read and use without restrictions.
Source Code - Want to change a program or know how it works? Open Source provides the source code for its programs so that anyone can use, modify or learn how to write those programs themselves. Visit the GNU source code repositories to download the source.
Education
Study at Harvard, Stanford or MIT - Open edX provides free online courses from Harvard, MIT, Columbia, UC Berkeley and other top Universities. Hundreds of courses for almost all major subjects and course levels. Open edx also offers some paid courses and selected certifications.
Linux Manual Pages - A man or manual page is a form of software documentation found on Linux/Unix operating systems. Topics covered include computer programs (including library and system calls), formal standards and conventions, and even abstract concepts.
